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Empirical research based on the OpenRouter platform's over 100 trillion Tokens shows that the large-scale language model market is undergoing profound reconstruction. The share of open source models has climbed to 33%, completely breaking the monopoly of closed source models. The market structure has shifted from DeepSeek's "one company" to diversified competition. China's open source AI has risen strongly in this change and has officially become the first echelon in the world.

On December 4, a16z, a well-known Silicon Valley venture capital firm, and OpenRouter, a large model API platform, stated in a report co-authored that the core driving force of this change comes from the explosive growth of Chinese models. Data shows that the market share of open source models developed in China has soared from 1.2% at the end of 2024 to a peak of nearly 30% in mid-2025, with an average annual share of 13.0%, which is almost the same as the 13.7% share of open source models in other parts of the world. Chinese models such as Qwen, DeepSeek, and MoonshotAI have achieved the leap from fringe participants to core players by virtue of their technical capabilities and local adaptation advantages.

The report points out that the competitive landscape within the open source ecosystem has undergone drastic changes simultaneously. After the "summer turning point" in mid-2025, the market has rapidly moved from being highly concentrated, with the DeepSeek family accounting for more than 50% of the market share, to fragmented competition. By the end of 2025, no single model can continue to occupy more than 25% of the market share, and user selection logic has changed from locking the "best model" to flexibly combining among 5-7 top models.

In addition, the research report reveals a number of disruptive trends: medium-sized models (15B-70B) are replacing small models as the mainstream, agent reasoning capabilities surpass text generation and become the core value, the proportion of programming applications has soared from 11% to over 50%, and the Asian market spending share has doubled from 13% to 31%. The rules of competition have shifted from leaderboard scores to real-world usage retention and workload matching capabilities.

China’s power reshapes open source landscape

The report states that the open source model market has formed a dual-track structure in which "closed source defines the upper limit of performance and open source provides multiple values". By the end of 2025, the market share of open source models has steadily climbed to 33%. This growth is not a short-term boom, but driven by the continuous iteration of high-quality models such as DeepSeek V3 and Kimi K2.

The rise of China’s open source model is faster than expected. At the end of 2024, China's model market share was only 1.2%, and by mid-2025, its peak had reached nearly 30%. Chinese models such as Qwen, DeepSeek, and MoonshotAI have demonstrated unique advantages in technical capabilities and localization adaptation, marking that Chinese AI has officially entered the first echelon of the world in the open source track.

From the perspective of global regional distribution, the overall rise of the Asian market is the most significant, with the share of global spending doubling from 13% at the beginning of the study to 31%, becoming a key growth engine. Although North America is still the largest single region, its spending share has been below 50% for a long time.

Language distribution data shows that Simplified Chinese has become the second largest language after English with a share of 4.95%, reflecting the strong demand in the Chinese market.

From monopoly to multi-power co-governance

According to reports, the open source market at the end of 2024 showed a highly concentrated pattern. The V3 and R1 models of the DeepSeek family together accounted for more than 50% of Token usage, almost forming a "one dominant" situation. But this pattern was completely overturned after the "summer turning point" in mid-2025.

With the intensive release of new models such as Qwen, Minimax, Kimi K2, and GPT-OSS series, competition barriers in the open source market have been broken. These new models are ready for large-scale production use within weeks of release. By the end of 2025, no single model will continue to occupy more than 25% of the open source market share.

User behavior patterns have undergone fundamental changes. Developers have shifted from locking the "best model" by default to diversifying combinations among 5-7 top models. This change marks that the open source ecosystem has officially entered the stage of full competition where "the dominant players are divided", and multi-model ecosystem has become the norm in the industry.

"Medium is the new small" subverts size perception

The empirical data of over 100 billion Tokens completely overturns the traditional perception that "the open source ecosystem is dominated by small and lightweight models". Data shows that developers are using practical actions to reshape the model size pattern.

small model (

In contrast, medium-sized models (15B-70B) have achieved explosive growth from scratch, and medium-sized models represented by Qwen2.5 Coder 32B have quickly built a fiercely competitive ecosystem.

This type of model accurately matches users' needs for "the balance point between capabilities and efficiency" and has become the core growth pole of the open source market, confirming the new industry consensus that "medium-sized is the new small".

The field of large models (>70B) also presents a diversified competition. Models such as Qwen3 235B and Z.AI GLM 4.5 have become core benchmark targets. Users tend to flexibly switch between multiple top large models.

Chinese characteristics of application scenarios

Looking at the overall task distribution of the open source model, role-playing has become the largest application with over 50% of the tokens, benefiting from the natural advantage of the open source model having less content restrictions. Programming assistance ranks second with a share of 15%-20%, and its share continues to grow.

However, China’s open source model shows significant differentiation characteristics. Different from the "role-playing dominance" of the global market, the total proportion of programming and technology applications in China's open source model reaches 39%, exceeding the role-playing share of 33%.

This difference shows that China’s open source models have the ability to directly compete with world-class models in productivity areas such as code generation and technical reasoning. Its value is more focused on professional efficiency improvement rather than entertainment interaction. This positioning may open up unique competitive advantages for Chinese models in the enterprise market.

Agent reasoning leads paradigm shift

The most disruptive finding revealed by the research is a fundamental paradigm shift in the way LLM is used—from a single round of text completion to a multi-step, tool-integrated agent reasoning workflow.

The amount of tokens processed by models optimized for inference has soared from almost negligible in early 2025 to accounting for more than 50% of total usage. This change is driven by supply and demand in both directions:

On the supply side, the release of models such as GPT-5 and Claude 4.5 has greatly increased the upper limit of reasoning capabilities; on the demand side, users are increasingly favoring models that can manage task status, follow multi-step logic, and support intelligent workflows.

Accompanying the rise of intelligent agent reasoning are two key features:

The prompt length has increased dramatically, and the average number of input tokens per request has increased nearly 4 times from 1.5K to more than 6K. Among them, the programming task prompt length exceeds 20K, which is 3-4 times that of other categories;

Tool calls are becoming increasingly popular, and models such as Claude 4.5 Sonnet and Grok Code Fast are leading the way, marking the essential transformation of LLM from "text generator" to "action executor".

"Crystal slipper effect" defines new moat

The study discovered a group of "founding user groups" with ultra-high long-term retention, and proposed a "Cinderella's glass slipper effect" framework to explain this phenomenon, defining the core moat in the AI ​​era.

The core logic of this framework is: there are always unsatisfied high-value "workloads" in the market; each new generation model release is a matching process of "trying on the glass slipper"; when the model perfectly solves the technical and economic constraints of a specific workload for the first time, users will build processes and data pipelines around the model, resulting in extremely high switching costs and stickiness.

The data confirms this logic: the retention rate of the early foundation user groups of Claude 4 Sonnet and Gemini 2.5Pro still reaches 40% after 5 months, while the retention performance of all user groups of models that have not achieved matching, such as Llama 4 Maverick, is extremely poor. In addition, the DeepSeek model also exhibits a unique "boomerang effect", whereby some lost users will return again after trying other models.

This discovery reveals that the real competitive barriers come from the first matching of "workload-model" and the resulting highly sticky user base. Retention is far more critical than growth. The industry focus is shifting from the slight advantage of rankings to empirical analysis and operational optimization of real-world use, from single-model competition to multi-model flexible strategies. Open source and closed source, East and West will coexist and compete for a long time.

Tianjin Customs:

Our company is a trading company that specializes in electronic products. Recently, we are preparing to import a batch of portable electronic equipment such as power banks. I heard that China has a special certification management system for this type of electronic equipment. I would like to ask: What are the precautions when importing this type of products? What is the relevant certification management system?

Tianjin reader Mr. Liu

Mr. Liu:

Hello! Power bank is a type of lithium-ion battery. According to the "Announcement of the State Administration for Market Regulation on the Implementation of Compulsory Product Certification Management for Lithium-ion Batteries and Other Products" (No. 10, 2023), lithium-ion batteries are included in China Compulsory Product Certification (CCC) management. Therefore, when you import such goods, you must follow the relevant regulations of the compulsory product certification system.

The specific explanation for you is as follows:

What is the compulsory product certification system

China Compulsory Certification (CCC), referred to as CCC certification, is a product conformity assessment system implemented in accordance with laws and regulations in my country to protect the personal safety of consumers and national security, and strengthen product quality management. Products listed in the CCC certification catalog must be certified and marked with the certification mark before they can be shipped, sold, imported or used in other business activities.

In accordance with the "Import and Export Commodity Inspection Law of the People's Republic of China" and its implementation regulations, the customs implements verification management of imported commodities listed in the CCC certification catalog, inspects documents, and checks whether the certified goods are consistent.

How to declare for customs clearance of CCC certified products

(1) Which products require CCC certification?

The State Administration for Market Regulation issued Announcement No. 10 of 2023, adding three new types of CCC certified products, including: "lithium-ion batteries and battery packs", "power banks" and "power supplies".

As of now, the products involved in CCC certification in the new "Compulsory Product Certification Catalog" involve 16 major categories: wires and cables, circuit switches and electrical devices for protection or connection, low-voltage electrical appliances, low-power motors, power tools, welding machines, home appliances, electronic products and safety accessories, lighting appliances, vehicles and safety accessories, agricultural machinery products, fire protection products, building materials products, children's products, explosion-proof electrical appliances, household gas appliances, etc.

(2) How to declare products in the catalog?

For goods in the certification catalog, select "Inside the 11-3C Catalog" in the cargo attribute column of the International Trade Single Window when declaring, add "Compulsory Product Certification (CCC Certification) Certificate" to the license information and fill in the certificate number.

(3) Situations where CCC certification is not required or exempted

No need to apply: It is within the certification catalog, but the goods are temporary import and export goods, personal items for diplomats, items carried by entry personnel, inter-governmental aid gifts, ATA document goods, goods entering the bonded area, CCC type test samples, and returned goods. When declaring, select "13-No need to apply for 3C certification" in the cargo attribute column of the single window of international trade when declaring, and upload the corresponding supporting documents in the paperless system.

Exemption: products and samples required for scientific research testing and certification testing, parts and components required for maintenance purposes, equipment and parts required for complete sets of factory production lines, products that are only used for commercial display but not for sale, parts and components imported for the purpose of exporting the complete machine, and other special purposes are exempted. To apply for compulsory product certification, the applicant submits a CCC exemption application to the local market supervision department. For products that have obtained an exemption certificate, select "11-3C Catalog" in the cargo attribute column of the International Trade Single Window when applying, add "Certificate of Exemption from Compulsory Product Certification" to the license information and fill in the certificate number.

Things to note

(1) Starting from August 1, 2023, the designated certification agency has begun to accept certification entrustments for products newly included in the compulsory product certification catalog such as "lithium-ion batteries" and carry out certification work in accordance with the "Compulsory Product Certification Implementation Rules for Information Technology Equipment" and the applicable standards listed in the attachment. Starting from August 1, 2024, products newly included in the CCC catalog that have not obtained the CCC certification and are marked with the certification mark may not be manufactured, sold, imported, or used in other business activities.

(2) When handling import and export business, relevant parties in import and export trade should refer to the "Compulsory Product Certification Catalog" and other documents, and accurately grasp the import and export commodity certification information based on the 10-digit HS code corresponding to the commodity, so as to avoid affecting customs clearance of goods due to declaration reasons.

(3) According to Article 16 of the "Regulations on the Implementation of the Import and Export Commodity Inspection Law of the People's Republic of China", for imported commodities subject to verification management, the consignee shall apply for verification to the entry-exit inspection and quarantine agency at the customs declaration place. When declaring, you need to fill in the license number at the "single window". The customs will conduct online verification of regulatory documents such as "Certificate of Exemption from Compulsory Product Certification" and "Compulsory Product Certification Certificate". Products without CCC certification found during the import customs clearance process will be destroyed or returned.

(Li Mingyong, deputy section chief of the Inspection Section of Nankai Customs under Tianjin Customs, and Liu Yannan, section chief of the Comprehensive Section of the Commodity Inspection Division of Tianjin Customs)

Since the beginning of this year, there have been frequent incidents of lithium battery products such as power banks carried by passengers catching fire and smoking on board.

Recently, the Civil Aviation Administration of China issued an emergency notice, banning passengers from taking domestic flights with power banks that do not have the 3C logo, have unclear 3C logos, or have recalled models or batches, starting from June 28.

What is the 3C logo? What are the rules for bringing power banks on planes?

What does the 3C logo look like?

How to judge authenticity?

3C certification (China Compulsory Certification, China Compulsory Product Certification) is a compulsory market access system implemented in accordance with the law in my country to protect the personal safety of consumers, national security and the environment.

According to national regulations, power banks that are officially on the market must obtain 3C compulsory certification.

Observe the 3C certification mark from the front facing the light. The mark has a white base plate and a black pattern. Aim at the logo screen and observe through the diamond shape of the 3C certification mark. The logo screen has a profound three-dimensional feeling and a sense of reality. If there is no three-dimensional effect, it can be judged to be a counterfeit logo.

Power bank boarding

Must meet capacity regulations

It should be noted that power banks that can be boarded on board must not only bear the 3C logo, but also comply with capacity regulations.

According to the "Announcement on the Regulations on Civil Aviation Passengers Carrying "Power Banks" on Boarding:

Power banks can only be carried in hand luggage or on your carry-on, and are strictly prohibited from being carried in checked luggage.

Power banks with a rated energy of no more than 100Wh do not require airline approval; power banks with a rated energy of more than 100Wh but no more than 160Wh can only be carried with the approval of the airline, but each passenger is not allowed to carry more than two power banks.

It is strictly prohibited to carry a power bank with a rated energy exceeding 160Wh. It is strictly prohibited to carry a power bank that does not indicate the rated energy and cannot calculate the rated energy through other marked parameters.

It should be noted that power bank is not allowed to be used to charge electronic devices during flight. For power banks with a start-up switch, the power bank should always be turned off during flight.

It reaches 400℃ in 15 seconds!

How dangerous is the spontaneous combustion of a power bank?

How terrible is it if a power bank catches fire? Previously, the Fire Rescue Brigade of Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province conducted an experiment on the fire of power bank.

The root cause of the fire in the power bank lies in the thermal runaway of its internal lithium battery. "A common cause of fires in power bank is internal circuit failure leading to a short circuit, which causes a fire." Firefighters said.

In the experiment, firefighters used tools to short-circuit the positive and negative poles of a power bank to simulate a short circuit. About 15 seconds later, the power bank began to smoke a lot, and the temperature quickly soared to over 400°C. "If there are combustible materials such as paper and clothing around, it may cause a fire." Firefighters emphasized.

It should be reminded that in the event of a short circuit, the power bank will continue to heat up. Common fire extinguishers are not very effective and cannot cool down the power bank, which may easily cause re-ignition. Therefore, the best way to put out a fire on a power bank is to use water.

When purchasing a power bank, you should look for the 3C logo

Power bank to carry on board the plane

Must comply with relevant regulations

With the rapid popularization of electronic devices such as smartphones and tablets, consumer demand for mobile power supplies (power banks) has surged. As the world's largest producer and consumer of power banks, my country's market size will reach US$1.046 billion in 2024, accounting for more than 30% of the global market.

Since the beginning of this year, there have been frequent incidents of lithium battery products such as power banks carried by passengers catching fire and smoking on airplanes. The Civil Aviation Administration of China recently issued an emergency notice. Starting from June 28, passengers are prohibited from carrying power banks that do not have the CCC certification mark (commonly known as the 3C mark), have unclear CCC certification marks, or have recalled models or batches on domestic flights.

For a time, many consumers are looking for whether their power banks have the CCC certification mark. Regarding issues of common concern, the reporter interviewed the heads of relevant departments and bureaus of the State Administration for Market Regulation.

Q: What is CCC certification? Why should power banks be included in CCC certification supervision? When will the CCC certification for power banks be implemented? Is it mandatory?

Answer: CCC certification (China Compulsory Certification, China Compulsory Product Certification) is a compulsory market access system implemented in accordance with the law in my country to protect the personal safety of consumers, national security and the environment.

In recent years, fires and other accidents caused by power banks have occurred from time to time, threatening consumers' personal health and public safety. In order to strengthen the quality and safety supervision of power bank products, the State Administration for Market Regulation issued the "Announcement on the Implementation of Compulsory Product Certification Management for Lithium-ion Batteries and Other Products" in March 2023 in accordance with the requirements of the "Opinions of the General Office of the State Council on Deepening the Reform of the Management System of the Electronic and Electrical Industry". Power banks and their key components – lithium-ion batteries (i.e. batteries) are included in compulsory product certification, also known as CCC certification management. It is clear that starting from August 1, 2024, power banks and batteries that have not obtained CCC certification may not be factory, sold, imported or used in other business activities.

Through the implementation of CCC certification, in accordance with two mandatory national standards "Audio, video, information technology and communication technology equipment Part 1: Safety Requirements" (GB 4943.1-2022) and "Safety Technical Specifications for Lithium-ion Batteries and Battery Packs for Portable Electronic Products" (GB 31241-2022), strict testing of key safety indicators such as charging and discharging temperature control, high-temperature external short circuit, drop and extrusion of power banks is carried out. At the same time, the quality assurance capabilities and product consistency of production enterprises are inspected to ensure that products continue to comply with standards and CCC certification requirements, and to effectively control market access.

Q: How to identify the true and false CCC certification mark?

Answer: At present, the main way to apply the CCC certification mark on power banks is to print or mold the mark, that is, the CCC certification mark pattern is printed on the product body.

In addition, power banks are also allowed to affix standard specifications CCC certification marks. The standard specification mark is made using holographic laser anti-counterfeiting technology. If you look at the mark, it will have a white base plate, black pattern, and a diamond pattern and a dark pattern of Chinese certification words, giving it a sense of reality and three-dimensionality. If there is no three-dimensional effect, it can be judged as a counterfeit logo.

The market supervision department also reminds consumers that the CCC certification mark cannot be circulated in the market. Marks containing the word CCC sold online are illegal. Consumers are advised not to purchase and use them.

Question: Starting from August 1, 2024, all power banks sold on the market must have the CCC certification mark. Can I still use the power bank I purchased before that does not have the CCC certification mark and has not been recalled?

Answer: Starting from August 1, 2024, if a merchant sells a power bank without CCC certification, it will violate laws and regulations such as the Product Quality Law. For consumers, power banks that have not been recalled can be used. However, when taking public transportation, you must abide by the corresponding regulations.

Q: Summer is here, what suggestions are there for safe use of power banks?

Answer: First, consumers should not arbitrarily place power banks in cars or other environments that are exposed to direct sunlight, high temperatures, and are not conducive to heat dissipation. Because when the internal temperature of the power bank exceeds a certain limit, "thermal runaway" may occur, causing fire or smoke.

Second, the lithium battery inside the power bank product uses flammable electrolyte and is relatively unstable. Once there is serious knocking, extrusion, deformation, bulging and leakage, consumers are asked to stop using it and eliminate or replace it in time.

Third, when consumers purchase power bank products, please look for the CCC certification mark affixed to the product. You can also check the certification status of the product and whether the CCC certification certificate is valid through the "National Certification and Accreditation Information Public Service Platform". (Reporter Lin Lili)

Recently, many brands of power bank manufacturers have recalled multiple batches of products due to safety risks in their batteries. On the 16th, according to the website of the Shenzhen Municipal Administration for Market Regulation, Shenzhen Romans Technology Co., Ltd. recalled some of the Romans brand PAC20-272, PAC20-392, and PLT20A-152 mobile power supplies. On the 20th, Anker Innovation Technology Co., Ltd. issued an announcement that it would recall the A1642, A1647, A1652, A1680, A1681, A1689, and A1257 mobile power supplies.

The State Administration for Market Regulation has revoked or suspended the 3C certification of multiple power bank and battery cell manufacturers. What exactly is 3C? How to identify authentic and fake 3C? What are the rules for carrying power banks on a plane?

What is the 3C logo and how to identify it?

3C certification (China Compulsory Certification, China Compulsory Product Certification) is a compulsory market access system implemented by China in accordance with the law to protect the personal safety of consumers, national security and the environment. According to national regulations, power banks that are officially on the market must obtain 3C compulsory certification.

How to identify authentic and fake 3C?

In terms of three-dimensional effect, if you observe the 3C certification mark from the front facing the light, the mark has a white base plate and a black pattern. Aim at the logo screen and observe through the diamond shape of the 3C certification mark. The logo screen has a profound three-dimensional feeling and a sense of reality. If there is no three-dimensional effect, it can be judged to be a counterfeit logo.

On the anti-counterfeiting code, products that have passed safety certification have a unique code. After peeling off the 3C logo, you will see this anti-counterfeiting code. Generally, counterfeit logos do not have this security code behind them. For a real 3C logo, after it is torn off, the logo will be broken and cannot be pasted back on. This is also a way to identify it.

In addition, log in to the official website of the China Quality Certification Center, click "Certificate Query", select the manufacturer – the manufacturer of the product, and the query result indicates that it meets the national safety standards. If it displays "The certificate was not found", it is unqualified. You can also enter the anti-counterfeiting code into the "certificate number" to make the query more accurate. The 3C certification mark is only the most basic safety certification, not a quality mark.

Power banks that are used “on board” the aircraft cannot be charged during flight.

It should be noted that the new regulations of the Civil Aviation Administration of China ban power banks without the 3C logo from being allowed on the plane. During the flight, even power banks with the 3C logo that can be taken on board are not allowed to be used to charge electronic devices. At the same time, always turn off power banks with activation switches.

The aircraft cabin is a pressurized environment. During the takeoff and landing of the aircraft, the cabin pressure changes. It will drop from 1 atmosphere before takeoff to about 0.6 atmospheres during cruise, and then slowly increase to 1 atmosphere during landing. Using a power bank in this environment can easily cause heat generation and increase the probability of spontaneous combustion.

In 2014, the Civil Aviation Administration of China issued an "Announcement on the Regulations on Civil Aviation Passengers Carrying 'Power Banks' on Boarding." According to the announcement, a power bank refers to a lithium battery mobile power supply whose main function is to provide external power for mobile phones and other electronic devices.

According to the announcement, passengers carrying power banks on board should comply with regulations such as "power banks must be carried by the passenger for personal use", "power banks can only be carried in hand luggage or carry-on strictly, and are not allowed in checked baggage" and "power banks with a rated energy of no more than 100Wh do not require airline approval; power banks with a rated energy of more than 100Wh but not more than 160Wh can only be carried with the approval of the airline, but each passenger is not allowed to carry more than two power banks."

Screenshot of announcement regarding regulations for civil aviation passengers to carry “power bank” on board. Source: Civil Aviation Administration of China

China Fire Protection Tips: To prevent power banks from becoming "exploding" during charging, you should not blindly choose high-capacity products, but choose power banks produced by regular manufacturers. When carrying power banks, you should pay attention to avoid heavy pressure and strong exercise. When the power bank is not in use, it should be placed in a ventilated place. Do not charge the power bank for a long time. Try to use the original plug for charging the power bank…

Sino-Singapore Jingwei is compiled from China Fire Protection, CCTV News, and Civil Aviation Administration of China

Is "light fasting" more beneficial to health? U.S. Senate rejects bill to limit presidential war powers? At 12:30 on March 5, Sohu founder, chairman and CEO Zhang Chaoyang shared international hot information in both Chinese and English in the live broadcast room of "Zhang Chaoyang's English Class", from new trends in the war in the Middle East to new health knowledge, leading netizens to learn English and learn about the world.

The powder keg in the Middle East continues to detonate, and the game between the United States and Iran has entered a new stage. Zhang Chaoyang shared the latest news during the live broadcast. According to reports, the U.S. Senate recently voted down a war powers measure that was originally intended to limit President Trump's power to take further military action against Iran. At the same time, Iran launched a new round of missile attacks in the direction of Israel, and explosions were heard in Jerusalem and Tel Aviv, Israel. The Israeli military stated earlier that it had launched a new wave of strikes against military infrastructure in Iran.

Turning our attention to Latin America, new trends have emerged in Venezuela’s political situation. Zhang Chaoyang cited reports that the US Secretary of the Interior led a delegation to visit Caracas, the capital of Venezuela, and held talks with Venezuela's interim President Delcy Rodriguez. The two parties announced that they will cooperate to develop Venezuela’s mining sector. Venezuela has the world's largest proven oil reserves and is rich in resources such as gold, diamonds and rare earth minerals. Before this closed-door meeting, Venezuela had already amended its laws to allow foreign investment to enter the previously nationalized oil sector, and planned to carry out similar reforms in the mining industry. The Speaker of the Venezuelan Congress revealed that reforms will allow large foreign companies to mine minerals and diamonds.

In addition, the live broadcast also mentioned a piece of health news that subverts cognition. According to the BBC, scientists have questioned the traditional model of "three meals a day", and light fasting is becoming a hot topic. Researchers from the Salk Institute for Biological Studies in California, USA, pointed out that not eating for at least 12 hours a day can give the digestive system a rest. Restricting caloric intake is associated with lower levels of inflammation in the body. Fasting allows the body to enter a repair state and clear out misfolded mutant proteins in ordinary proteins. A professor at the University of Padua in Italy said that fasting can help improve blood sugar response and reduce fat storage. High blood sugar levels trigger the process of glycation, which increases the risk of diabetes and heart disease.

During the live broadcast, Zhang Chaoyang analyzed key English words based on the news content, including identify (confirmation), serviceman (soldier), sink (sink), footage (image data), torpedo (torpedo), etc. "Zhang Chaoyang's English Class" is a representative live knowledge column of Sohu Video's "Attention Stream" and is broadcast on time every Monday to Thursday at 12:30 noon. In order to facilitate review and review, after each live broadcast, the course selection slices and key vocabulary summaries will be updated simultaneously in the attention stream. The Chinese version of the international news shared in the daily English class will also be online through the attention stream account "Zhishi Video".

At the end of the live broadcast, Zhang Chaoyang previewed Sohu's next two major activities to netizens: the 18th Sohu News Marathon is about to start in Hong Kong, and the Spring Attention Streaming Conference is also planned to be held in April. In addition, he also recommended the "American Movies That Teacher Zhang Loves" film list and invited netizens to review classic films on Sohu Video. Tracking hard-core news and savoring light and shadow classics, Sohu Video is committed to creating a content platform with depth and warmth.

Yesterday (June 26), the Civil Aviation Administration of China issued an emergency notice. Starting from June 28, passengers are prohibited from carrying power bank with no 3C logo, unclear 3C logo, recalled models or batches on domestic flights.

Recently, many netizens posted on social platforms that their power banks were not allowed to be brought onto the plane. Pictures shared by netizens showed that baskets of passenger power banks were stopped at the airport.

Recently, many brands of power bank manufacturers have recalled multiple batches of products due to safety risks in their batteries. The State Administration for Market Regulation has revoked or suspended the 3C certification of many power bank and battery cell manufacturers. At present, airports in many places have clearly banned the carrying of power banks with recalled models and batches of relevant brands.

Recall announcements previously issued by Romas and Anke

So, what exactly is 3C? How to identify authentic and fake 3C? What other items cannot be brought on board a plane?

What is 3C certification?

3C certification (China Compulsory Certification, China Compulsory Product Certification) is a compulsory market access system implemented in accordance with the law in my country to protect the personal safety of consumers, national security and the environment.

According to national regulations, power banks that are officially on the market must obtain 3C compulsory certification.

How to identify authentic and fake 3C?

3D effect

Observe the 3C certification mark from the front facing the light. The mark has a white base plate and a black pattern. Aim at the logo screen and observe through the diamond shape of the 3C certification mark. The logo screen has a profound three-dimensional feeling and a sense of reality. If there is no three-dimensional effect, it can be judged to be a counterfeit logo.

Security code

Products that have passed safety certification have a unique code. After peeling off the 3C logo, you will see this anti-counterfeiting code. Generally, counterfeit logos do not have this security code behind them. For a real 3C logo, after it is torn off, the logo will be broken and cannot be pasted back on. This is also a way to identify it.

Online inquiry

Log in to the official website of the China Quality Certification Center, click "Certificate Query" and select the manufacturer – the manufacturer of the product. If the result is found, it means it meets the national safety standards. If it shows "The certificate was not found", it means it is unqualified.

You can also enter the anti-counterfeiting code into the "certificate number" to make the query more accurate. The 3C certification mark is only the most basic safety certification, not a quality mark.

Power bank with 3C logo

Not for use on airplanes

Since the beginning of this year, there have been frequent incidents of lithium battery products such as power banks carried by passengers catching fire and smoking on board. It should be noted that the new regulations of the Civil Aviation Administration of China ban power banks without the 3C logo from being allowed on the plane. During the flight, even power banks with the 3C logo that can be taken on board are not allowed to be used to charge electronic devices. At the same time, always turn off power banks with activation switches.

The aircraft cabin is a pressurized environment. During the takeoff and landing of the aircraft, the cabin pressure changes. It will drop from 1 atmosphere before takeoff to about 0.6 atmospheres during cruise, and then slowly increase to 1 atmosphere during landing. Using a power bank in this environment can easily cause heat generation and increase the probability of spontaneous combustion.

What other items cannot be brought on board a plane?

If you accidentally carry the above items, don't worry, we will teach you two ways to solve it – handle express delivery and luggage storage.

All major airports have courier points or luggage storage offices where you can express your items to your destination, or store them at the airport and pick them up on your return trip.

CCTV News

China Central Radio and Television China Global Program Center New Media

On June 26, the Civil Aviation Administration of China issued a notice stating that starting from June 28, passengers are prohibited from carrying power banks that do not have the 3C logo, have unclear 3C logos, or have recalled models or batches on domestic flights. This provision quickly sparked heated debate.

According to media reports, many netizens on social platforms reported that their power banks were not allowed to be brought onto the plane. Pictures of the scene shared by netizens showed that baskets of passenger power banks were stopped at the airport, and "no one without the 3C mark could get on the plane."

On June 27, a netizen posted on Weibo that he learned during the security check at Shanghai Hongqiao Airport that camera batteries, regardless of their capacity, as long as they do not have the 3C mark, will not be allowed to be brought on board the plane starting from the 28th. However, the reporter left a message to the netizen expressing his willingness to be interviewed, but as of the time of publication, no reply had been received.

Netizen posts

As soon as the post came out, netizens started to discuss whether spare camera batteries without the 3C mark cannot be taken on board a plane?

At noon on June 27, a media reporter called the Shanghai Hongqiao Airport Security Inspection Center. The staff responded that the 3C mark notification received so far is only for power banks; as for camera batteries, computers and other equipment, they still follow the previous security inspection standards. "Battery batteries with a battery capacity less than 100Wh can be carried with you at most 20 batteries. Those with a battery capacity greater than 100Wh need to go to the manual counter to get a certificate."

A staff member who has been in the civil aviation industry for many years said that before the new regulations on power banks, camera backup batteries were basically required to be inspected after passing the security check at the airport. The inspection was not just started this time, but has always been required. This time the Civil Aviation Administration of China’s explicit notice only mentioned power banks.

Currently, Shanghai Airport (Group) Co., Ltd. has issued a notice on its official website stating that Shanghai Pudong and Hongqiao Airports will actively implement the requirements of the notice to ensure the safety of passengers. Passengers are requested to abide by the notice requirements of the Civil Aviation Administration, carefully check the certification mark, brand and model information of the power bank before traveling, do not bring unqualified power banks on board, and take out the power bank in advance for inspection before security check to avoid delaying the trip. The notice also only mentions power banks.

On the morning of June 27, reporters called Shanghai Hongqiao Airport security, Beijing Daxing Airport customer service, Hangzhou Xiaoshan Airport customer service, Guangzhou Baiyun Airport customer service, and Nanning Airport security consultation. The answers they received were that the Civil Aviation Administration of China regulations only apply to power banks. For camera lithium batteries, the previous regulations are still followed, that is, camera lithium batteries can be brought on board if the rated energy does not exceed 100wh, is not damaged, and is clearly marked.

Since this year, there have been occasional incidents of lithium battery products such as power banks carried by passengers catching fire and smoking on airplanes. Recently, many brands of power bank manufacturers have recalled multiple batches of products due to safety risks in their batteries. The State Administration for Market Regulation has revoked or suspended the 3C certification of many power bank and battery cell manufacturers.

According to the announcement issued by the State Administration for Market Regulation, starting from August 1, 2024, lithium-ion batteries, battery packs, and mobile power supplies that have not obtained 3C certification and are labeled with the certification mark may not be shipped, sold, imported, or used in other business activities. Many batteries, power banks, etc. sold before this did not have 3C certification. The reporter learned that many practitioners in the film and television industry will be equipped with multiple spare batteries, and the battery replacement frequency is not high. Many old batteries were purchased before August last year and have no relevant labels.

According to media reports, 3C certification (China Compulsory Certification, China Compulsory Product Certification) is a compulsory market access system implemented in accordance with the law in my country to protect the personal safety of consumers, national security and the environment. According to national regulations, power banks that are officially on the market must obtain 3C compulsory certification.

Recently, the Civil Aviation Administration of China has implemented new security inspection regulations, and power banks without "3C certification" will be intercepted at the airport. So, where do these intercepted power banks end up? What will the airport do? On the morning of June 30, reporters contacted multiple domestic airports regarding this matter and received varying responses.

A power bank intercepted at an airport security checkpoint

The customer service staff at Beijing Capital International Airport said that power banks cannot be carried without the 3C certification mark. If they are inspected at the security checkpoint, you can choose to hand the power bank to the airport delivery person. If there is no delivery person, you can consult the express delivery service to see if the express delivery service is available. If none of the above methods are available, you can only choose to abandon it. The security check will follow up with the charity sale and the corresponding amount will be handed over to the treasury.

Regarding the reporter's question about whether temporary storage services will be provided, the customer service representative said that they have not received any corresponding information at present, and whether temporary storage is possible will be subject to the situation at the security inspection site.

Customer service staff at Xi'an Xianyang International Airport said that if the power bank is seized, the terminal provides luggage storage service, which charges 10 yuan per day for 7 days. After 7 days, the airport will handle it on its own, because the power bank is dangerous and cannot be stored for a long time.

The customer service staff at Zhengzhou Xinzheng International Airport provide another way, which is to temporarily deposit the lost property at the lost and found office, but it also requires a fee of 10 yuan per day. Passengers will have a temporary storage slip in their hands. There are also new standards for temporarily stored power banks. Due to safety and quality issues such as damage and bulges, power banks with three non-products are not allowed to be temporarily stored. In addition, there is a time limit for temporary storage, from 5 a.m. to the end of the day's flight.

Security personnel at Qingdao Jiaodong International Airport said that because power banks are inflammable and explosive materials, they will not be temporarily stored and can be given to the person seeing them off or mailed by express. If the passenger chooses to abandon himself, the security check will be handed over to the processing company for disposal.

A power bank intercepted at an airport (Source: Internet)

According to media reports, starting from June 28, Shenzhen Airport will provide passengers with free temporary storage service for power bank. The temporary storage location is the end counter of Island B of the check-in island on the fourth floor of the terminal. The temporary storage period is 7 days, and the staff will issue a receipt for passengers. If the passenger has applied for the temporary storage service of the power bank, please present the receipt to collect it within the temporary storage time limit. If it is overdue, it will be regarded as self-abandonment.

The reporter noticed that on the second-hand trading platform, there are multiple "head sellers" who sell second-hand power banks with the title of airport recycled power bank, with prices ranging from 15 yuan to 30 yuan. Its product information introduces: "A batch of second-hand power banks picked up at the airport are 70% to 80% new. They are shipped randomly and are guaranteed to be usable. If there are quality problems, they can be returned within 7 days without any reason."

Airport recycling power bank from a second-hand trading platform

Later, the reporter asked one of the shops about the source of the power bank, and the other party said that it was recycled at the airport. Regarding whether these power banks can be brought on board the plane, the merchant said that they could not. They were the power banks that were detained by passengers at the security check.

Several other merchants also said that the power banks they are selling do not have the 3C certification mark and are only guaranteed to be usable. After being fully charged, they can charge mobile phones about three times.

Data show that China Compulsory Certification (China Compulsory Certification), referred to as "CCC Certification", is my country's market access system for products involving personal health, safety and environmental protection in accordance with the principles of marketization and internationalization. According to the "Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Certification and Accreditation", all products included in the compulsory product certification catalog must be certified and marked with a certification mark before they can be shipped, sold, imported or used in other business activities.

A power bank with the 3C logo refers to a power bank that has passed China's compulsory product certification. Its electrical safety, battery safety and environmental protection standards all comply with national regulations, ensuring that it will not cause electrical fires, electric shocks and other dangers during use, and will not cause harm to the environment and human health.

Spring is getting stronger and it is the right time to travel. As a "life-extending tool" for mobile phones, power bank is almost a must-have for travel. When taking airplanes or trains, there are clear security inspection regulations for carrying power banks. If you are not careful, your trip may be delayed. We have prepared a super comprehensive guide for carrying power bank for you, put it away quickly to help you pass the security check easily!

Things to note when carrying a power bank on a plane

by plane

The power bank you need to carry

There is a clear 3C logo and the logo is clear

Recalled models or batches of power banks

Not allowed on domestic flights

What is the 3C logo?

3C certification is the abbreviation of China Compulsory Certification (China Compulsory Certification) and is the "safety ID card" for electronic products such as power banks.

If the 3C logo on the power bank is blurred, worn, covered by a sticker, or marked with other country certification (non-China 3C), it will be deemed an invalid logo and is also prohibited from being carried.

Product 3C certification can be inquired through the "National Certification and Accreditation Information Public Service Platform of the State Administration for Market Regulation".

What is the maximum capacity of the power bank?

There are also strict restrictions on the capacity of power banks on airplanes——

The rated energy does not exceed 100Wh (watt hours) and does not require airline approval;

Rated energy exceeding 100Wh but not exceeding 160Wh can be carried only with the approval of the airline;

Power bank larger than 160Wh cannot be brought on board the plane.

Looking at the power bank in our hands, the common unit is mAh (milliamp hour), so how should Wh and mAh be converted? Taking the 3.7V voltage of a common power bank as an example, 100Wh is equivalent to a capacity of approximately 27027mAh.

What are the requirements for carrying a power bank on a plane?

Power banks must be carried for personal use; power banks can only be carried in carry-on baggage or carried with you, and are strictly prohibited from being carried in checked baggage.

Also note that each passenger is not allowed to carry more than two power banks.

Can I use a power bank on a plane?

Power banks are not allowed to be used to charge electronic devices during flight. For power banks with a start-up switch, the power bank should always be turned off during flight.

How to check the recalled model/batch?

If the brand of power bank you carry has issued a product recall notice due to design defects or safety hazards. Even if your power bank has a 3C logo, if it falls within the scope of the recall, you must voluntarily give up carrying it.

Relevant recall information can be found on the "Consumer Product Recall" column of the official website of the "State Administration for Market Regulation's Defective Product Recall Technology Center".

Things to note when taking a high-speed rail and carrying a power bank

The "Catalogue of Prohibited, Restricted and Checked Items for Railway Passengers" stipulates restrictions on carry-on items: clearly marked power banks and lithium batteries, with a single rated energy of no more than 100Wh, except for electric wheelchairs containing lithium batteries.

Therefore, when you take a train or high-speed rail, as long as the power bank is clearly marked and the rated energy of a single unit does not exceed 100Wh, you can carry it on the train normally.

Warm reminder: Power banks with unclear markings cannot be carried on the train!

The small window reminds you:

1. Before traveling: do the “three-step self-examination”

Buy right: Look for formal channels, choose power banks with the national compulsory product certification 3C mark, and avoid risks from the source;

Check: Check the appearance of the power bank to see if there are any bulges, cracks, or leaks. If there is any damage, replace it in time;

Close it securely: Make sure the switch of the power bank is turned off to avoid accidentally turning it on.

2. In flight: Remember “two things not to do”

No charging: No power bank is needed to charge mobile phones, tablets and other electronic devices throughout the process;

Don’t mix them: Don’t put power bank and keys, coins and other metal objects together to prevent short circuit and extrusion.