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(Note: Minsheng Bank employee expenses include directors’ compensation, and the total number of employees of some banks includes labor dispatch)
5 banks saw reductions in employee numbers
As of the end of 2024, among the nine joint-stock banks, China Merchants Bank has the largest number of employees, exceeding 110,000; China CITIC Bank, Industrial Bank, Shanghai Pudong Development Bank, and Minsheng Bank all have more than 60,000 employees; China Everbright Bank and Ping An Bank have more than 40,000 employees; Huaxia Bank has more than 30,000 employees; and Zheshang Bank has more than 20,000 employees.
Compared with 2023, four banks, Hua Xia Bank, China CITIC Bank, Ping An Bank, Shanghai Pudong Development Bank and Minsheng Bank, have decreased. Among them, Hua Xia Bank and Ping An Bank lost 1,948 and 2,108 employees respectively.
At the same time, some banks have added more than 2,000 employees. For example, in 2024, Zheshang Bank will add 2,331 people; Industrial Bank will add 2,147 people; China Merchants Bank and China Everbright Bank will add 672 and 400 people respectively.
The differentiation between the increase and decrease of employees shows the bank's "business downsizing" and business structure adjustment. To a certain extent, it also reflects the current trend of talent flow in the banking industry, such as active investment in financial technology and other aspects.
China Everbright Bank stated in its annual report that the bank is continuing to improve the effectiveness of technology input and output and strengthen the construction of its talent team. In 2024, the bank's technology investment will reach 6.573 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 758 million yuan, an increase of 13.04%, accounting for 4.85% of operating income. As of the end of 2024, the bank had 3,986 scientific and technical personnel, an increase of 301 from the previous year, accounting for 8.31% of the bank's employees.
The increase or decrease in personnel does not point to a single dimension. As of the end of 2024, Ping An Bank had a total of 41,011 employees, a decrease of 2,108 employees from the end of 2023. Among them, business personnel decreased by 2,191, management personnel decreased by 567, but professional and technical personnel increased by 650.
Per capita salary: CITIC is the highest
Employee compensation is also defined as "employee expenses" in some bank annual reports, which mainly covers wages, social security, provident funds, and other benefits.
In terms of total employee compensation in 2024, among the 9 A-share joint-stock banks, 4 banks, Zheshang Bank, Hua Xia Bank, China CITIC Bank, and China Everbright Bank, have all achieved positive growth, increasing by 1.237 billion yuan, 254 million yuan, 1.601 billion yuan, and 547 million yuan respectively compared with 2023.
Among them, China CITIC Bank increased to 39.684 billion yuan, becoming the bank with the largest increase among the nine A-share banks. This was mainly due to the increase in social insurance premiums and post-employment benefits-defined contribution plans, which amounted to 643 million yuan and 500 million yuan respectively.
The total employee compensation of China Merchants Bank and Ping An Bank has dropped significantly, with a year-on-year decrease of 2.26 billion yuan and 1.783 billion yuan respectively in 2024.
The reporter calculated the per-employee salary by dividing the total annual employee salary by the number of employees as of the end of 2024 and found that the per-employee salary of 9 joint-stock banks increased or decreased.
Currently, China CITIC Bank has the highest per capita salary of employees. Due to the adjustment of personnel structure, the bank's per capita salary rose to 606,200 yuan, a year-on-year increase of 6.50%; Hua Xia Bank's per capita salary increased by 6.65% to 421,900 yuan.
The per capita salary of China Merchants Bank, which had been ranked first for many years, dropped below 600,000 yuan. It is worth noting that employee salaries at China Merchants Bank have declined for two consecutive years. Specifically, in 2022, China Merchants Bank will have 113,000 employees, employee expenses will be 70.6 billion yuan, and the per capita cost will be 625,000 yuan. In 2023, China Merchants Bank will have 116,500 employees, employee expenses will be 70.35 billion yuan, and the per capita cost will be 604,000 yuan.
Executive compensation: Who has the most?
In 2024, the executive compensation of the nine A-share joint-stock banks will show the characteristics of "more decreases, more increases, and significant differentiation."
Currently, only four joint-stock banks have disclosed the remuneration of their chairman. Among them, Gao Yingxin, chairman of Minsheng Bank, received the highest pre-tax remuneration in 2024, reaching 3.3463 million yuan. Lu Jiajin, chairman of Industrial Bank, Lu Jianqiang, chairman of Zheshang Bank, and Zhang Weizhong, chairman of Shanghai Pudong Development Bank, will receive pre-tax remuneration of 1.614 million yuan, 1.1436 million yuan, and 856,800 yuan respectively in 2024.
The salaries of the chairman of China Minsheng Bank and Industrial Bank have declined to varying degrees. In 2023, Minsheng Bank Chairman Gao Yingxin's pre-tax salary was 3.8908 million yuan, which means that in 2024, Gao Yingxin's pre-tax salary dropped by 10.41% year-on-year; Industrial Bank Chairman Lu Jiajin's pre-tax salary dropped by 4.11% year-on-year.
The remuneration of some bank chairmen has shown an increase. For example, the pre-tax salary of Lu Jianqiang, chairman of China Zheshang Bank, increased by 22.40% from 934,300 yuan in 2023 to 1.1436 million yuan.
Among the president’s salaries, Wang Liang, President of China Merchants Bank, received a salary of 2.9617 million yuan, a decrease of 491,500 yuan from 2023. This is closely related to the general environment of cost reduction and efficiency improvement in the banking industry, as well as policy orientations such as linking remuneration and risk in the financial industry and implementing a performance remuneration recovery and rebate system.
Ji Guangheng, president of Ping An Bank, will have a pre-tax salary of 4.1587 million yuan in 2024, the highest among presidents.
When you mention the Czech Republic, what is your first reaction? Is it the white pigeons in Prague Square, Kafka’s absurd novels, the delicate emotions in Kundera’s works, or the mellow and refreshing Czech beer?
Yes, this is a developed country with a per capita GDP exceeding US$30,000. It is a top student in the European Union and a holy land of literature and art in the hearts of countless people.
After all, this is the place where healing animations like "The Mole's Tale" were born. It has the magnificent Prague Castle and the Golden Lane full of literary and artistic atmosphere. Everywhere is hidden in the romance and heaviness of Europe.
Prague Old Town Square
But what you may not know is:
XVideos, one of the world's largest adult websites that you have browsed secretly, has its parent company WGCZ's headquarters not in the United States or Japan, but on Krakow Street in the center of Prague. 70% of Europe's adult content comes from this small country, which is smaller than Chongqing. One in every 10,000 Czechs has filmed adult films, which is six times the rate in the United States.
According to expert estimates, Czech adult content generates hundreds of millions of dollars in annual revenue, accounting for approximately 0.2% of the country’s total GDP.
So the question is, why has this European country with hundreds of years of literature and art gradually become a globally recognized "land of erotica"? I checked some information and will briefly chat with you.
This is not a stereotype, it's true
Many people say that "Erotic Country" is just a media stereotype? Stop deceiving yourself—sets of data and well-documented cases are in front of you, and they are far more outrageous than you imagine.
In 1990, the Czech Republic had just liberalized social control, and the first pornographic magazine "LEO" was launched. According to industry statistics at the time, the monthly sales of this magazine reached 480,000 copies within half a year.
You must know that the total population of the Czech Republic at that time was only 10 million, which was equivalent to 1 out of every 20 Czechs purchasing pornographic content every month. Such a penetration rate would be outrageous in any country, and it directly laid the foundation for Czech society’s high acceptance of pornographic content.
And this is just the beginning. According to 2023 statistics, the Czech Republic has 86.19 adult actors per million people, ranking first in the world; the second is Hungary with 62, and the third is only 14 in the United States. Yes, you read that right, the Czech Republic’s data is six times higher than that of the United States.
Some attentive netizens even drew up a "Prague Filmmaking Holy Land Tour Map" based on the astonishing amount of film viewing, marking in detail every corner of the city where adult films have been filmed.
Maps drawn by netizens
What is even more staggering is its mature industrial chain.
The town of Cheb, only an hour's drive from the German border, was once a spa resort where aristocrats from the Austro-Hungarian Empire gathered. Now it has become a famous "erotic town" in Europe - nearly a hundred brothels gather here, forming a 60-kilometer-long "sex industry corridor". One-third of the town's GDP comes from the porn industry.
Every weekend, there is an endless stream of tourists coming from Dresden, Germany via the E55 highway. The roadside billboards even scroll with the words "Slow down, there are beauties ahead." The nightclubs on the street all have German signboards, and the waiters can skillfully use six languages to solicit business. The hotel prices double on weekends, and even German companies regard this place as the first choice for "team building".
The capital, Prague, is even worse. There are more than 200 legally registered erotic establishments in the city center, including strip clubs, filming studios, and massage parlors. Many of them are located in the tourist area next to the Charles Bridge. Tourists can see eye-catching signs when passing by, but the local police mostly turn a blind eye.
What’s even more outrageous is that Czech castles, schools, hotels, and even well-known tourist attractions in the country have all been used as shooting scenes for adult movies, without any taboos.
Krakow Street in the center of Prague
Nothing can best reflect social tolerance than the local political ecology.
In 1990, the Czech Republic established the world's first pornographic political party to formally participate in parliamentary elections - the "Independent Pornography Initiative" (NEI). The core of its party platform is to promote the comprehensive legalization of the pornographic industry.
The party had only 4,000 members in its early days. It not only gave away free "organ newspapers" full of pornographic photos and novels, but also held extensive "sex culture seminars" across the country.
In the 1992 Czech general election, the party unexpectedly won 90,000 votes, equivalent to 1 out of every 100 voters who voted for it, which was enough to show how tolerant Czech society was to the porn industry at that time.
In 2017, a local TV station in the Czech Republic launched "Bikini Weather Forecast", in which a female anchor wore a bikini to report on the weather, occasionally adding slightly sexually suggestive jokes, and the ratings increased fivefold.
Local netizens commented one after another, "This is what a weather forecast should be like." No one thought it was vulgar, but instead thought it was novel and interesting. This has also become a vivid epitome of the openness of Czech sexual concepts.
Promotional materials for the Independent Porn Initiative Party
The 2024 poll data is even more convincing - 62% of Czech young people aged 18-30 believe that "sex work is a normal occupation, no different from waiters and programmers", and only 18% think it is "degenerate".
What’s more worth mentioning is that among Czech officials, not only are senators talking about their favorite types of adult films in public interviews without scruples, but even former President Miloš Zeman was exposed to having adult videos on his computer. If officials are like this, the attitude of ordinary people can be seen.
Three dimensions, revealing the secrets of the porn industry
Seeing this, you will definitely be curious: Why? Why did the Czech Republic become the "Erotic Country"?
In fact, this is not because the Czechs are inherently "more erotic", but because the three layers of logic of culture, law, and economy are superimposed on each other, which ultimately pushed this country to the position of "a land of erotica".
First of all, the most unbelieving country in Europe has long since lost its moral shackles on sex.
The Czech Republic is one of the most secular countries in Europe. This deep-seated secularization has completely freed sex from the moral shackles of religion and has become an ordinary need that does not need to be covered up.
Survey data from Pew Research shows that 72% of Czechs have no religious beliefs and 66% do not believe in God.
Compared with Poland next door, 90% of the people believe in Catholicism. The two countries are only separated by a wall, but the religious binding force on sex is very different. Poland is influenced by Catholic teachings and is very secretive about sexual topics, while the Czech Republic has completely gotten rid of this restraint and regards sex as an innate instinctive need.
This secular tendency is even more obvious among young people - 91% of Czech young people aged 16-29 consider themselves atheists. For them, the "sexual taboos" in religion have long been in vain.
streets of prague
In the eyes of Czechs, sex is a common need like eating and sleeping. What is there to be ashamed of?
There was even a Czech adult film company that held a "Porn Weekend" event in Prague. Not only could the audience film the scene with their mobile phones, but as long as they had a health certificate, they could also directly participate in the filming. For completing two 15-minute videos, men could get 200 euros and women 400 euros. There was an endless stream of participants at the scene.
What’s even more interesting is that this openness is not new to recent decades. Kundera has long said: "The deconstruction of hypocrisy is the Czech people's way of resisting totalitarianism."
During the socialist period, although the government could control people's work, thoughts, and income, it could not interfere in the hidden corners of private life. As a result, sex has become the last place for ordinary people to escape control and release themselves. It is also like a silent but powerful resistance.
In "The Unbearable Lightness of Being", the protagonist Thomas's emotional entanglements with different women, and Theresa's tolerance and struggle. Many people think this is an artistic exaggeration of the novel, but in fact it is a true portrayal of Czech people's daily sexual attitudes.
In their eyes, sex and love are two different things. This attitude has continued into Czech society today.
Even as early as the Middle Ages, Prague was already Europe's "Free City" - businessmen, travelers, and artists gathered here. An open red light district had already appeared in the city. This open tradition has lasted for hundreds of years, laying the groundwork for the prosperity of today's erotic industry.
Prague streets
Secondly, the government does not prohibit or encourage it, but it will collect taxes.
Cultural tolerance alone is not enough. The "gray tolerance" of the law provides an excellent space for the survival and development of the pornographic industry. Czech law uses a set of "grey operations" unique to the world: individual sex trafficking is legal, while organizing prostitution and acting as a pimp are illegal.
To put it bluntly, if an individual takes orders and operates independently, the police will not interfere; but if someone hires someone to do the business and acts as a middleman to take a commission, it is illegal.
This kind of regulation not only perfectly avoids the controversy of "legalization of the porn industry", but also gives the industry enough space to survive, and also allows many underground industries to survive openly in the name of "personal business".
What is even more surprising is that the government has also recognized the legality of this profession through judicial decisions. On October 8, 2025, the Czech Supreme Court (NSS) pronounced a landmark case:
A sex worker evaded taxes by not declaring her sex trade income, and the tax department recovered about 1.8 million Czech crowns (approximately RMB 570,000).
She appealed against the verdict. The lower court supported her claim and held that "income that violates public order and good morals should not be taxed." However, the Supreme Court eventually overturned this judgment and made it clear that "income from sex work is not explicitly excluded from the scope of taxation by law and is no different from other work income. Tax evasion is illegal."
This verdict is equivalent to an official stamp of approval - sex work is a serious profession, and as long as you make money, you must pay taxes according to law.
According to estimates by Rozkoš bez rizika, a non-governmental organization that serves sex workers, there are approximately 13,000 sex workers in the Czech Republic, most of whom are single mothers. This ruling has also indirectly recognized their professional status.
This is also the core reason why XVideos parent company WGCZ is headquartered in Prague.
The office building in the doorway is WGCZ, the parent company of XVideos
In Western European countries, adult platforms have to face strict content censorship and endless copyright litigation, and operating costs remain high. In the Czech Republic, as long as the content is voluntarily shot by adults, they will not be held accountable, and operating costs are ridiculously low.
Compare Germany - although sex work is completely legalized, practitioners need to apply for licenses and pay high taxes. A sex worker has to pay several hundred euros in taxes every month. In contrast, in the Czech Republic, there are no such cumbersome requirements. Therefore, many German practitioners have moved to the Czech Republic, and operating costs have been directly reduced by 2/3.
To put it bluntly, the Czech Republic has long become a tax haven for global erotic capital and a "safe haven" for adults in the adult industry.
Third, what is the industry that will emerge from poverty after shock therapy?
The law has given living space, and culture has laid a foundation for tolerance. The economic transformation in the 1990s has become the trigger for the explosion of the pornographic industry. Many people join this industry not voluntarily, but because of poverty.
Czechs in the Velvet Revolution
In the 1990s, after the Velvet Revolution, Czechoslovakia split into two countries: the Czech Republic and Slovakia.
The Czech Republic immediately implemented "shock therapy", privatizing state-owned enterprises overnight, and a large number of factories closed down and went bankrupt. The main industries for female employment, mainly textile factories and garment factories, almost completely collapsed. Hundreds of thousands of women were unemployed and found it difficult to find a way to make a living.
There was a piece of news that shocked the whole country at that time and is still mentioned repeatedly by foreign media today:
Zdanka Podkapova, the former backbone of the Czech national gymnastics team, has won four national championships in her 10-year career. On the court, she is tall and has a delicate face. She is the "dream goddess" of countless people. However, after retiring, she was unable to find a suitable job, and eventually had to move to the adult film and television industry.
In fact, before retiring, she took photos for the pornographic magazine "Penthouse" and became one of the magazine's most popular Czech girls. After retiring, she joined the adult industry. In her own interview, she said: "I want to support my mother, and I have no other choice."
Zdanka’s experience is the epitome of countless Czech women at that time.
Czech traditional industries such as automobiles and electronics have long been dominated by men. Only 20% of employees in the automobile industry are female, and only 11% in the electronics industry. Most of them are low-paying assembly line positions. Many women find it difficult to find high-paying jobs and even find it difficult to maintain a basic life.
Zdanka Podkapova
What is even more distressing is that in the Gypsy community, poverty forces many girls to join the sex industry.
There is a girl named Helena who was sold by her parents at the age of 16 and forced to pick up guests in the town of Duby. The town of Duby is only 6 kilometers away from Germany and has become a gathering place for German tourists. The girls here dress coolly and even stop cars to solicit business. Everything seems "natural", but there is endless helplessness hidden.
At this time, Western capital sensed business opportunities.
They found that most Czech girls are beautiful and can speak English. The daily salary for filming adult films is only 50 US dollars, which is 1/10 of that in the United States. The cost of filming an adult film is as low as 1/10 of that in the United States.
As a result, a large number of American pornographic companies flocked to Prague, and there were temporary shooting bases all over the suburbs, which could shoot 3 or 4 films a day. Czech local filmmakers also found that making adult films was more profitable than literary films, and they joined in one after another. First-class shooting technology, beautiful natural scenes, and beautiful actors made Czech adult films quickly popular throughout Europe.
The unique geographical location has added fuel to the porn industry.
The Czech Republic is located in the center of Europe, only an hour's drive from wealthy countries such as Germany and Austria, and the price of erotic services is only 1/3 of that in Western Europe. This has given rise to popular border sex tourism, with the towns of Cheb and Duby being the most typical representatives.
During the 2006 World Cup in Germany, this kind of border sex tourism reached its peak.
After watching the game, a large number of fans drove an hour to the Czech border town. Local sex workers were booked half a month in advance. Many practitioners' income in one weekend was equivalent to their usual monthly income. This also allows more Czechs to see shortcuts to "make money quickly", further promoting the expansion of the porn industry.
The scene of the so-called "European Adult Summit"
In general, the Czech porn industry was not born - it was a combination of long-term poverty, the influx of Western capital, and a unique geographical location that spurred it on, and it became a "survival choice" for many people when they had no other choice.
Behind the prosperity is the nightmare of Eastern European girls
Of course, the Czech porn industry is by no means a "utopia". Behind its prosperity lies the darkest nightmare of human trafficking in Eastern Europe, which is also soaked in the blood, tears and despair of countless girls.
Data from Eurostat show:
The Czech Republic is the number one destination for human trafficking in Eastern Europe. More than 2,000 women are lured here every year, more than half of whom are minors. The youngest practitioner in the underground industry is only 14 years old. This data has also been reported by China News Network and other authoritative media, pointing directly to the darkness behind the glamor of the Czech porn industry.
Human traffickers' tactics are simple but deadly, and they succeed every time.
They posted false advertisements in small towns in Ukraine, Romania and other countries - "Recruiting restaurant waiters, monthly salary of 3,000 euros, including food and accommodation", accurately capturing the mentality of local girls who want to escape poverty.
Many inexperienced girls believed it and came to the Czech Republic with high hopes. However, upon arrival, their passports were taken away, their personal freedom was restricted, and they were forced to accept guests. They had to receive more than 100 guests a month. If they resisted at all, they would be beaten and threatened.
In films produced in Prague, "young men and women are forced to go to sea to make a living" has almost become a standard paradigm
In 2022, the Czech police cracked a major case that shocked Europe.
A Czech porn company lured 18 Ukrainian girls to come to the Czech Republic using "fashion photoshoots" as bait. After the girls signed the contract, they discovered that the so-called "fashion photoshoots" were actually adult films.
When they refused to film, the company immediately threatened them with the contract, requiring them to pay 100,000 euros in liquidated damages. Many girls were unable to repay and were forced to shoot dozens of films. It was not until the police destroyed this criminal den that they were able to regain their freedom.
After reading these cases, it is not difficult to understand that what many people think of as “voluntary” is nothing more than a lack of choice due to poverty.
In 2023, Czech women's rights organizations held a protest in front of Prague's erotic club, holding slogans that said "Poverty is not voluntary", bluntly stating that many sex workers do not really want to join this industry, but are forced by life. This is essentially the exploitation of women, and girls from the Gypsy community are the direct victims of this exploitation.
The older generation of Czechs hate this industry even more.
More than 70% of the elderly who have experienced the socialist period are opposed to the porn industry. They believe that this industry has turned the Czech Republic into "the brothel of Europe" and is a national shame.
In 2023, an old party member took to the streets to protest, holding a sign that read "Our country is not for sale," expressing the aspirations of countless older generation Czechs.
Prague’s “hidden corners”
In addition, public health risks are becoming increasingly prominent. Underground practitioners are not registered and do not undergo regular physical examinations, resulting in the sexually transmitted disease transmission rate in the Czech Republic being twice the European average. The HIV infection rate has continued to rise in recent years, becoming a major problem plaguing Czech society and further amplifying the negative impact of the porn industry.
How is the Czech Republic now?
In recent years, the Czech porn industry has also undergone changes, and online has become a new development trend.
During the epidemic, offline pornographic venues were forced to close, and a large number of practitioners turned to online. Today, the number of OnlyFans creators in the Czech Republic ranks third in Europe. Many girls can earn up to 50,000 euros a month, far exceeding the salary levels of local doctors and lawyers. This has also attracted more young people to actively join the online porn industry.
At the same time, XVideos parent company WGCZ has also continued to grow. Today, its Prague headquarters has more than 300 employees. It pays tens of millions of euros in taxes to the Czech government every year, becoming a major local taxpayer and even getting the acquiescence of the local government. After all, this considerable tax can also provide certain support for the economic development of the Czech Republic.
Under pressure from the European Union, the Czech government has also begun to strengthen supervision of the porn industry, closing more than 120 underground porn venues, arresting dozens of traffickers, and tightening border inspections. The number of cases of luring girls has dropped significantly compared with previous years.
But even so, the hidden danger of human trafficking still exists and has not been completely eradicated.
Czechs participating in winter swimming
Nowadays, the porn industry has long become a label that the Czech Republic cannot shake off.
More and more tourists come to the Czech Republic. In addition to visiting castles and tasting beer, many people come here for the erotic industry. Erotic tour groups in Prague have become a new tourism category. There are even travel agencies that specially launch "erotic experience tours" to attract tourists from all over Europe.
Polls in 2024 show that more than 50% of Czechs support the legalization of sex work. They believe that this is a free choice for individuals and the government should not interfere too much, while only 30% are opposed.
What’s more worth mentioning is that in 2004, when the Czech Republic joined the European Union, an adult film actress named Dolly Bust announced her candidacy for the European Parliament. She made no secret of her profession and even put forward the campaign slogan of “love each other and reproduce the next generation together.” Although she ultimately lost the election, it was enough to show Czech society’s tolerance for porn practitioners.
What a 22-year-old Czech OnlyFans creator said in an interview is very representative – I make money with my own body, I don’t steal or rob, and I make more than people who sit in offices. I feel very proud, this is my job.” Such thoughts are not uncommon among Czech young people.
Prague’s street fashion brand “life is prono”
end
Many people call the Czech Republic "degenerate", saying that the country is completely ruined, and believe that the prosperity of the pornographic industry is a sign of moral decay. But if you think about it carefully, does the Czech Republic’s label of “Erotic Country” really equate to depravity?
It is just the most authentic appearance of a highly secular society after getting rid of the moral shackles of religion. Sex is no longer a taboo or an unspeakable shame. It is an ordinary need and an ordinary industry, just like eating and working, and is accepted by most Czechs.
Of course, its problems cannot be ignored - human trafficking, female exploitation, regulatory loopholes, and public health risks. These are unavoidable pain points and problems that the Czech government needs to continue to work hard to solve.
But it is undeniable that it has at least brought the industry that was originally hidden underground into the light, and reduced the possibility of more underground crimes through taxation and supervision. This may be more realistic than those countries that criminalize sex work, but have spawned more underground human trafficking and violent crimes.
Prague Old Town Square
We are always accustomed to treating sex as a scourge, avoiding it when talking about it, labeling it as "shameful" and "vulgar". But the Czechs have long understood that sex is the same instinctive need as eating and sleeping. There is nothing to hide and nothing to be ashamed of. Respecting everyone's choice may be the true foundation of a pluralistic society.
You may not accept this kind of Czech Republic, but you cannot deny that this is what a real and diverse society should be like - there is light, there is shadow, there is active choice, and there is also helplessness.
We passionately invite all managers/founders/CEO friends to place serious advertisements on our official account:
First of all, the recent follower increase and reading data of this account are really good, and the basic data is guaranteed;
Secondly, the fans of this account are relatively high-quality, and almost all of them are active fans in the strict sense who are typed out through code;
Third, at least at this stage, the account owner is still in the state of "talking less, living well, not being clingy, and asking for cheap prices." The opportunity cannot be missed, and it will never come back. If it becomes popular in the future, it will be expensive, really!
The Philippines is a bit "sophisticated" these days.
Not long ago, Philippine President Musk also publicly shouted to China that he hoped to restart China-Philippines cooperation in oil and gas development in the South China Sea. Marcos vowed that the reset of Philippines-China relations will definitely happen, and it is happening now.
Philippine President Says He Hopes to Restart China-Philippines Oil and Gas Cooperation
However, at the same time, the Philippine military is making trouble against China. Recently, at a defense forum in Paris, France, Philippine Defense Secretary Teodoro suddenly attacked China in front of representatives from many countries, claiming that China "ignored the 2016 arbitration award."
It needs to be made clear here that the so-called "2016 South China Sea Arbitration Award" mentioned by the Philippine Defense Secretary is a completely useless piece of paper. China has made it clear from the beginning that it will not accept or recognize the ruling. The reason is very simple. This ruling was completely unilaterally promoted by the Philippines. China was not involved from the beginning to the end, and the ruling does not have any legal effect.
The Philippine military is making trouble out of nothing by using this as an excuse. This is completely opposite to Marcos's attitude of seeking cooperation.
To understand the attitude of the Philippine military, one cannot avoid a core variable—the United States.
For a long time, the Philippine military has had a very close relationship with the United States and is highly dependent on it for training, equipment and intelligence systems. In this context, the Philippine military has become the "spokesperson" of the United States to some extent. Therefore, we can see that whenever there are signs of easing of relations between China and the Philippines, the Philippine military will always step on the brakes. After all, once China-Philippines relations truly stabilize, the US military presence and influence in the Philippines will be weakened.
Defense Secretary Teodoro
Interestingly, there were previous rumors that the CIA had secretly supported the Philippine military to launch a coup to overthrow the Marcos government, and promised to elect Philippine Defense Secretary Teodoro to serve as the president of the "caretaker government" after the event was completed, while the Chief of Staff of the Philippine Army was responsible for serving as the Minister of Defense.
Although the Philippine military quickly denied the news, judging from its actual performance, the Philippine military is indeed gradually strengthening its political influence: it frequently speaks out on foreign policy, dominates public opinion on security issues, and continues to increase cooperation with the United States. Nowadays, he does not even pay attention to the words of his country's President Marcos, and he has a vague intention to dominate the foreign affairs of the Philippine government.
What is even more intriguing is another recent move by the Philippines in military cooperation—the introduction of Japan.
A few days ago, Commander Brawner of the Philippine Armed Forces stated that the Japanese Self-Defense Forces will send a "large force" to participate in this year's "shoulder-to-shoulder" exercise between the United States and the Philippines. Relevant news shows that the number of Japanese combatants participating in the exercise is between 1,000 and 1,500. This is the first time since World War II that such a large number of Japanese combat soldiers have entered the Philippines.
Japanese Self-Defense Forces will go to Philippines to participate in exercises
You know, during World War II, Japan occupied the Philippines for several years, causing extremely serious casualties, with the total number of people at least 1 million. Now, the Philippines has taken the initiative to allow Japanese combat forces to enter the mainland. This is not only "leading the wolf into the house", but also a "humiliation" to the country's history.
Putting all the clues together, it can actually be seen very clearly: the Philippine government is in an extremely chaotic state - at the presidential level, it is trying to ease relations and strive for interests; while at the military level, it continues to intensify confrontation and bind the United States. The two forces are superimposed together to form not a balance, but a tear. The most direct result is that Philippine policies have become increasingly unstable and unpredictable.
This is precisely the reason why China has responded so coldly to the Philippines’ cooperation signals. The Philippines is willing to ease relations with China and hopes to restart cooperation, which China certainly welcomes. But the problem is that the Philippines' stance is too contradictory.
If a country sends signals of cooperation while constantly creating confrontational issues, then the outside world will naturally wonder: What do you really want?
Looking at a deeper level, the real problem in the Philippines now is not its relationship with China, but the changes in the internal power structure - when the military becomes more and more powerful, and when external forces become more and more in-depth, it will be difficult for the country's strategic direction to maintain stability.
To put it more bluntly: In the Philippines today, it is not that there is no chance to improve the situation, but that it has not even figured out "where to go." If this situation continues, then the so-called "seeking cooperation with China" is likely to remain just words; and only the innocent Filipino people will really pay the price.
A few years ago, there was a joke circulating in the financial circle - if you want to understand the internal management of a new company, pretend to be an employee in the same office building, borrow fire from the smoking area with people who have the company's work badge, and talk about overtime. They will definitely be like an emotional outlet, telling a lot of news that you can't get through public channels.
At that time, there was no such thing as "involution". Nowadays, some of those new companies have grown into large factories, and many people are suffering from overtime work.
However, with the recent calls for "anti-involution", the hot word among migrant workers has also changed from "forced overtime" to "forced get off work off work." Many people said so directly that they never thought that these two words could be combined.
In fact, not only "workers" have to work overtime, but companies also have to work overtime. Some companies admit frankly that working overtime increases management costs and destroys the healthy working conditions of employees. All in all, it does not increase profits much.
On one side are the "workers" who are desperately trying to "roll up" KPIs for promotion and salary increase, and on the other side are companies that want employees to work wholeheartedly like their bosses. "People want to be quiet but the wind of involution continues." How should the two sides resolve their internal friction?
Employee: You can work overtime, but you have to pay extra
Working overtime is regarded by many job seekers as a corporate culture and has gradually become a part of their lives. This is how Tao Qian worked overtime all the way here.
Four years ago, he joined this digital technology company with a state-owned background. When he first joined the company, Tao Qian was very happy. He felt that companies with state-owned capital investment were different from other "996" large companies and should not have a strong overtime rhythm. But Tao Qian didn't expect that his first weekend after joining the company would be the only full weekend he spent.
"The project has to be launched in a hurry, so we have to speed it up. If there is a bug in the system, I have to respond in time. The server is down, so we have to deploy it urgently." It has become Tao Qian's new habit to carry the computer on his back anytime and anywhere, and to get into work as quickly as possible. "This kind of overtime does not take up too long at a time, but it can also cut my leisure time into pieces."
Although he was very tired, he was unwilling to give up the work. "If our technical team doesn't rush to do it, other teams will take it away, and we won't have a share in the project bonus." Tao Qian was a little helpless. He felt that going to work was just to make money, so why did he give up the work? "We usually say it's too busy, but when the work comes, we don't rush to do it. You can work overtime, but you have to pay extra."
Tao Qian's situation is too common. Yang Yang worked in a large factory. After changing jobs one after another, he finally took up a content quality management position. He said that programmers' overtime work is a professional characteristic, and those of middle management are helpless.
"Working overtime in the middle of the night is commonplace, and after staying up all night, you can still hold an online video conference early the next morning." Yang Yang said that many large factories are now in a period of reducing staff and increasing efficiency. Grassroots managers are the most dangerous group of people, and it is common to optimize an entire business line. If you are lucky, you can manage other departments, but if you are unlucky, you can optimize along with the business line. The efforts you have made to establish the company in the past few years are equal to zero, and the team that you have worked hard to cultivate is also dispersed.
Therefore, Yang Yang desperately wanted to prove that the team he managed was the most efficient and took his team members to "roll" together.
"Try not to work overtime as much as possible, but the output must be more than other groups. I ask team members to arrive early for work and hold a morning meeting to share, and let the colleagues who were the most efficient the day before share their experience of working faster and more." Yang Yang knew that many people behind his back scolded him, saying that his morning meeting was "too busy" and "involved". "I don't want to either, but it's better than everyone being optimized."
Wu Di, who had a bumpy career experience, said something that may resonate with migrant workers - "It's okay to work overtime, but it's not okay to work more than before and earn less than before." Previously, due to the company's bankruptcy, Wu Di began to do odd jobs. He did loan assistance, telemarketing, and delivered express delivery, and now he is running goods.
Enterprise: We also hate "ineffective overtime"
Regarding the "involution" of overtime, companies have management considerations. Some company leaders believe that the industry is developing too fast and competitors are constantly launching new products. If they do not try their best to "roll out" new products, they will be eliminated from the market. Some companies believe that some overtime work is ineffective internal consumption and should not pay for such overtime work.
"Voluntary overtime work, no overtime pay." This is the attitude of Li Lei, CEO of a technology company in Shenzhen.
"I never force overtime. Employees work overtime because their work has not been completed. I give you the task, 8 hours a day, as long as the work is completed. If you like to stay and work overtime, you can stay." Li Lei said.
From a manager's perspective, Li Lei believes that work should be result-oriented and does not agree with employees working overtime ineffectively. He also doesn’t want to pay for inefficient labor.
Li Lei was helpless when talking about a labor arbitration the company had gone through. The company once hired an engineer and reached a consensus that there would be no overtime pay before joining the company. Li Lei also pays attention to the amount of tasks assigned to him every day as much as possible so that he does not need to work overtime.
Li Lei said that for a period of time, the tasks were very light and it was impossible to work overtime, but the engineer often stayed late. Two years later, when he left the company, he kept all the clock-in records and went to labor arbitration. In the end, the company had to pay more than 300,000 yuan.
"That's ridiculous." In Li Lei's view, leaders know employees' work abilities and workloads, and will not give employees tasks that exceed their capabilities or an excessive workload. "If employees are under too much pressure and resist work, it will be detrimental to the long-term development of the company. Employees who stay up late and work overtime every day cannot perform to their due level."
"Why work overtime when you have nothing to do? It's a waste of electricity bills!" Li Lei, who has been a boss for decades, also hopes that his employees will leave early because the property management company will charge double the air conditioning fee after 6 p.m.
But Li Lei admitted that the situation of deliberately working overtime in society is relatively unsolvable. "If you encounter someone who doesn't do anything during working hours and does everything during off-duty hours, I will also give you a warning in time."
"'Involution' is internal friction in the company's internal management." Li Qiang, general manager of Qingxiaolie in the headhunting industry, does not advocate overtime caused by "involution."
Since she is in the human resources industry, Li Qiang has her own understanding of the topic of overtime. She believes that overtime does not mean "involution". "Ineffective overtime is a kind of self-involution, and companies do not like this situation. What companies need is to be proactive, so that both companies and employees will benefit from it." Li Qiang said.
Boss: willing to pay for necessary overtime
Different understandings of "involution" also make many business managers willing to pay for employees' overtime work and are willing to manage this matter according to market rules.
Zhuang Xin serves as the general manager of a technology company, where he is the number one employee.
For him, life is work and work is life. He claims to work more than 12 hours a day. "Entrepreneurship is like this. Not only do you have long working hours and high intensity, but you also face long-standing problems such as lack of money and lack of people. You may not be able to survive if you work overtime now, and you won't be able to survive if you don't work overtime," Zhuang Xin said.
Zhuang Xin believes that employees can freely choose whether to work overtime or not. If they work overtime, they will abide by the corresponding laws and regulations to provide protection. Employees can choose to take time off or receive overtime pay according to actual needs.
Under normal circumstances, he will approve employees' overtime applications. Zhuang Xin, who has a technical background, is very clear about the workload of each employee; at the same time, the collective office environment also allows office colleagues to distinguish whether employees working overtime are really busy or fake.
Zhuangxin will also respect the choice of employees who do not want to work overtime. "Just like mobile phones, some people are accustomed to using Apple, and some are accustomed to using domestic phones. It is similar to overtime work. You can make choices based on personal needs. Our ultimate goal is to get things done." In his view, if employees are unwilling to work overtime, this part of the work can be completed by those who are willing to work overtime and receive equal remuneration.
Su Qi is the production and technical manager of a foreign medical device company. Talking about overtime and "involution", Su Qi believes that this is closely related to the development of the industry. "In our medical device industry, the threshold is high, there are certain technical barriers, and the competitive pressure is relatively low. And in principle, we do not encourage overtime work and hope that employees can complete their work within normal working hours." Su Qi said.
Specifically, as far as Su Qi's company is concerned, overtime work is mostly due to special circumstances, such as factory shipments, foreign colleagues coming to China, etc. In such special circumstances, employees will be arranged to work overtime so that related work can be handled uniformly. Subsequent compensation will be provided to employees through time off, overtime pay, etc.
It is rare for employees to apply for overtime, and Su Qi will judge whether to approve it based on the emergency situation of the work.
As a manager of relevant departments, Su Qi believes that fairness is also involved behind overtime work. Who is allowed to work overtime and who is not allowed to work overtime are also issues that need to be considered and balanced.
"I was responsible for warehouse shipments at my last company. During peak shipping periods, forklift drivers needed to work overtime, but other positions in the warehouse, such as administrators, sorters, etc., do they need to arrange work tasks? Arrange, the company will need to spend a lot of overtime expenses; otherwise, the income gap between employees will be larger, and it will also affect the enthusiasm of employees." Su Qi said.
"The most important thing is to get things done. If you need to work overtime, you will be approved, and if you don't need to work overtime, you will not be encouraged. Employees can't just work, but also have a life." Su Qi believes.
Expert: Don’t use the “involution” approach and “anti-involution”
For enterprises, overtime caused by "involution" is not a good thing. Li Qiang reminded that "involution" overtime sometimes reflects the imbalance of corporate human resources management.
"If an enterprise simply relies on extending working hours to complete tasks, this is a sign of inefficiency." She believes that rational distribution of work tasks and improving employee work skills and efficiency are issues that enterprise managers should continue to think about.
The fundamental reason for the "rollover overtime" that many companies and workers hate is that the involution between companies "rolls over" toward employees. Li Changan, a professor at the School of Public Administration at the University of International Business and Economics, told reporters that "involution" competition among enterprises has led to mutual price reductions among enterprises and the industry as a whole has fallen into a dilemma of inefficient operation. The "involution" competition among enterprises further intensifies the "involution" of internal employees, which then evolves into internal friction among employees.
Li Changan believes that it is necessary to establish a mechanism to prevent "involution" from being transformed into "internal friction" among employees, and to enhance the value and efficiency of employees' labor.
Zhang Chenggang, associate professor at the School of Labor Economics at Capital University of Economics and Business, also said in the media that "anti-involution" is not about simply reducing working hours, but the pursuit of a healthier, more efficient and sustainable way of working. This involves the reshaping of corporate culture to emphasize work quality and efficiency rather than simple time investment.
In the past few years, relevant national ministries and commissions have been paying attention to the issue of protecting workers' rights and interests. The Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security has repeatedly emphasized the need to strictly implement labor laws and regulations and protect workers’ rights to rest and vacations. Strengthen supervision of overtime work, illegal overtime work and other behaviors to maintain a fair and orderly employment environment.
On March 16, the "Special Action Plan to Boost Consumption" issued by the General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the General Office of the State Council proposed that local party committee organizational departments and human resources and social security departments strengthen regular supervision of the implementation of the rest and vacation system in various units. It also clearly mentioned that workers' working hours must not be illegally extended.
With the increased attention from all parties, many companies have recently taken actions to curb "involvement" competition. For example, companies such as DJI have begun to "forbid overtime". Some companies have requested to reduce or even ban the use of slides in work reports, summary planning, and presentations, and instead use other simple and efficient methods that are problem-solving oriented. Some companies have begun to adopt "new rules" such as strictly prohibiting meetings after get off work hours, formalistic overtime work, and managers taking the lead in using digital signboards.
However, Li Changan also reminded that "anti-involution" at the workplace level also lies in breaking down formalism. We must not use "involution-style" methods to "anti-involution" and bring about new formalism. To make "no overtime work" truly become a proactive "no overtime work unless necessary", improving production efficiency and increasing the value of labor is the key.
(At the request of the interviewees, Tao Qian, Yang Yang, Wu Di, Li Lei, Zhuang Xin, and Su Qi are pseudonyms in the article)
Forcing employees to get off work, don’t rush to applaud them yet
On the evening of March 30, GigaDevice (SH603986, stock price 255.85 yuan, market value 179.4 billion yuan) disclosed its 2025 annual report. The company will achieve revenue of approximately 9.203 billion yuan in 2025, a year-on-year increase of 25.1 2%; the net profit attributable to the parent company was approximately 1.648 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 49.47%; the non-net profit after deduction was approximately 1.469 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 42.57%; the basic earnings per share was 2.48 yuan, a year-on-year increase of 49.4%. The company plans to distribute a cash dividend of RMB 7.5 (tax included) to all shareholders for every 10 shares.
This is the first time that GigaDevice’s annual revenue has exceeded the 9 billion yuan mark. On a quarterly basis, GigaDevice achieved revenue of 2.372 billion yuan in the fourth quarter of 2025, a year-on-year increase of 39% and a month-on-month decrease of 11.54%; net profit attributable to the parent company was 565 million yuan, a year-on-year increase of 108.85% and a month-on-month increase of 11.23%.
Memory chip revenue increased by 26.41% year-on-year, and gross profit margin increased to 42.84%
According to data compiled by Wind Financial Terminal, the consensus forecasts of 32 institutions for GigaDevice’s revenue and net profit attributable to shareholders in 2025 are approximately 9.465 billion yuan and 1.632 billion yuan respectively. According to the data disclosed by GigaDevice, the company's revenue in 2025 is less than the agency's expectations, but the net profit attributable to shareholders exceeds the agency's consensus expectations by 1%.
Regarding the performance growth during the reporting period, GigaDevice said that the company's revenue growth during the period was mainly due to the multiple synergistic effects formed by the optimization of the industry structure, the steady implementation of the company's strategy and the rapid iteration of technology.
The annual report shows that GigaDevice’s performance growth during the period was mainly due to the optimization of the supply and demand structure of the storage industry. As major overseas manufacturers accelerate their migration to new process nodes such as HBM (high-bandwidth memory) and DDR5 (a computer memory specification), gradually fade out of niche markets and reduce 2D NAND (planar NAND, a non-volatile storage technology) production capacity, there is an obvious supply gap in related fields. The company successfully accepted this part of the demand, allowing SLC NAND Flash (single-layer cell flash memory) and niche DRAM (a subcategory of dynamic random access memory) to achieve a relatively significant increase in both volume and price in the second half of 2025, and gross profit margins improved significantly quarter-on-quarter.
In terms of products, GigaDevice's innovative memory chips will achieve revenue of approximately 6.566 billion yuan in 2025, a year-on-year increase of 26.41%, and the gross profit margin will increase by 2.57 percentage points year-on-year to 42.84%; analog products will achieve revenue of approximately 333 million yuan, a year-on-year increase of 2051.82%, and the gross profit margin will increase by 26.43 percentage points year-on-year to 36.96%.
In contrast, GigaDevice’s innovative sensor business revenue in 2025 will be 389 million yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 13.15%. In addition, although the microcontroller business revenue achieved a year-on-year growth of 12.98%, its operating costs experienced a higher year-on-year growth rate (14.62%), resulting in a slight decrease of 0.92 percentage points in the gross profit margin of this segment compared with the same period in 2024.
Overall, GigaDevice's gross profit margin in 2025 increased by 2.21 percentage points year-on-year to 40.21%.
Revenue of 1.976 billion yuan is expected to be recognized in 2026
"Daily Economic News" reporters noted that although GigaDevice's memory chip product revenue and gross profit margin both recorded growth in 2025, due to the upward cycle of the storage industry and the company's active stocking strategy, the book value of the company's inventory at the end of the period reached 3.066 billion yuan, an increase of 30.67% from the beginning of the period.
In terms of automotive electronics business, in 2025, the cumulative shipments of GigaDevice’s innovative automotive-grade Flash (memory) will exceed 300 million units, and the cumulative shipments of GD32A’s full series of automotive-grade MCUs (single-chip microcomputers) will exceed 8 million units, which will gradually be implemented on a large scale in key scenarios such as smart cockpits and assisted driving. In addition, in terms of mergers and acquisitions integration, the company's original analog chip revenue has achieved a year-on-year growth of approximately 460%, and the previously acquired holding subsidiary Suzhou Saixin has steadily completed its performance commitment of deducting non-net profits of no less than 70 million yuan in 2025.
In terms of international layout, the company officially established its international headquarters in Singapore in June 2025, and opened a new office in Tokyo in October of the same year, in order to strengthen customer and supply chain collaboration. In addition, GigaDevice H shares have been officially listed and traded on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange on January 13, 2026, completing a key step in the construction of the "A+H" dual capital platform.
GigaDevice's annual report clearly disclosed that the revenue amount corresponding to the performance obligations that have been signed but have not been fulfilled or have not been fulfilled at the end of this reporting period is 1.976 billion yuan, and revenue is expected to be recognized in 2026.
In contrast, in the face of the incremental demand in the AI (artificial intelligence) era, the extension of the company's business boundaries is an important concern for investors. The annual report pointed out that the company is actively developing new businesses such as customized storage, higher computing power MCU and AI MCU. Among them, Qingyun Technology, a holding subsidiary, has achieved breakthroughs in key customers and projects in the fields of AI mobile phones, AI PCs (personal computers), and robots in terms of customized storage solutions. Some projects will gradually enter the stage of customer sample delivery and small batch trial production in the second half of 2025. It is expected to enter the mass production stage in 2026 and contribute substantial revenue accordingly.
daily economic news
With the continuous standardization of Mandarin proficiency tests, the popularity of taking Mandarin proficiency tests in Chengdu has not diminished in recent years. How to report? How to take the exam? What’s new today? On the Mandarin Test Day in September, the reporter came to the Chengdu Mandarin Proficiency Test Center for on-site visits and investigations.
On-site visit:
One person, one "cubicle" exam
Fingerprints taken on site to confirm identity
At 1:30 noon, the reporter came to the Chengdu Mandarin Proficiency Test Center and saw that although a batch of tests had ended in the morning, there were still many people waiting for the test in the waiting room of the test center.
"Each test lasts 15 to 20 minutes, so the tests are conducted in batches without interruption." The relevant person in charge of the Chengdu Mandarin Proficiency Test Center said that candidates first need to wait in the waiting room and watch the video introducing the test operation. Then just before the exam time, candidates will enter the test preparation room in advance to wait. There is a set of reference questions on each desk, and candidates can adapt and review at this time.
"The examination process is clear and strict, in order to prevent acts such as taking the exam on behalf of others. When candidates enter the examination preparation area, the identity verification is carried out through on-site photography and fingerprint collection for multi-faceted confirmation, and a 'computer + manual' double comparison is carried out." According to the relevant person in charge, candidates must not only swipe their ID cards when entering, but also take photos on site. Just like the ticket inspection at the train station, when the photo is compared with the ID card photo, the computer will display the matching rate in real time, and there will also be a dedicated person on the side to confirm. After scanning the ID card, the candidate will randomly obtain the test number on site, which is bound to the candidate's fingerprint information, which is also the key to the candidate's normal participation in the exam.
For each round of exams, each candidate will enter a "small cubicle" to take the exam independently. During the exam, nothing can be placed on the table, and candidates cannot enter or exit at will. At the same time, reporters at the main console in the examination room saw that there were surveillance cameras in each cubicle, and the invigilator monitored the whole process in real time. At the same time, the main console can see which question each candidate is doing and which question failed to upload successfully. Candidates who fail the exam due to not skipping, missing or repeating a certain question as required will have an opportunity to retake the next batch of exams immediately.
Service optimization:
Use of intelligent platforms and equipment
Improve “Examination Experience”
With the needs of social development, people's demand for Mandarin proficiency certificates is increasing. Chengdu Mandarin Testing Center’s test service advantages of “convenient registration method, fast certificate issuance, and no registration time limit” have made it the first choice for candidates, attracting a large number of candidates from inside and outside the province to take the test.
Since November 2019, on the basis that the online registration method for the Sichuan Provincial Mandarin Proficiency Test remains unchanged, Chengdu has become the second city in the country to enable WeChat registration for the Mandarin Proficiency Test. Candidates can choose their preferred method to register for the exam. The official account registration is bound to the registration information, and each person has one account, which effectively eliminates the phenomenon of wasted registration caused by "one person registering more than one person and multiple people competing for accounts". In addition, through the joint efforts of the Municipal Education Bureau and the Municipal Radio and Television University, the Chengdu Mandarin Proficiency Test Center (Open University) test center was added to the Chengdu Radio and Television University to conduct tests for the public. In that month alone, 3,800 people were tested, accounting for 30% of the city's public population, relieving the "examination crowd" problem.
It is worth mentioning that the Chengdu Mandarin Testing Center has also pioneered Mandarin proficiency testing services for special groups, taking the lead in the province to carry out Mandarin proficiency testing for disabled people, filling the gap in Mandarin proficiency testing for hearing-impaired people in southwest China.
"On-site, candidates can directly print Mandarin test level certificates and re-issue certificates on smart machines, which is convenient and fast. If they are unable to go to the site for consultation due to special circumstances, we have also activated a registration consultation intelligent service robot on the WeChat public account to answer candidates' questions 24 hours a day." The relevant person in charge of the Chengdu Mandarin Test Center said that in addition to finding ways to "ease congestion and relieve worries", the center is currently also putting smart equipment into use to further enhance the "examination experience" of candidates. (Chengdu Daily reporter Zhao Zijun)
(Editors: Luo Yu, Zhang Huawei)
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