With the full implementation of the new curriculum standards, English teaching in primary schools places more emphasis on the cultivation of language ability and core competencies. Vocabulary is the basis of reading ability and expression ability.
Many parents often ask:
How many words do you need to master in primary school? How to arrange recitation scientifically? This article systematically compiles 500 core vocabulary words that primary school students in grades 1-6 must understand and master. They are divided into 10 groups according to ability gradients to facilitate step-by-step learning.
Group 1 (basic high-frequency core words 1-50)
I /aɪ/ I you /juː/ you; you he /hiː/ he she /ʃiː/ it /ɪt/ it we /wiː/ we they /ðeɪ/ am /æm/ is /ɪz/ are /ɑː/ is this /ðɪs/ this that /ðæt/ that these /ðiːz/ these /ðəʊz/ those my /maɪ/ my your /jɔː/ your his /hɪz/ his her /hɜː/ her its /ɪts/ its our /aʊə/ our their /ðeə/ their name /neɪm/ name friend /frend/ friend teacher /ˈtiːtʃə/ teacher student /ˈstjuːdənt/ student boy /bɔɪ/ boy girl /ɡɜːl/ girl father /ˈfɑːðə/ father mother /ˈmʌðə/ mother family /ˈfæməli/ home school /skuːl/ school class /klɑːs/ class book /bʊk/ pen /pen/ pen bag /bæɡ/ school bag desk /desk/ desk chair /tʃeə/ chair day /deɪ/ day week /wiːk/ week year /jɪə/ year today /təˈdeɪ/ today tomorrow /təˈmɒrəʊ/ tomorrow yesterday /ˈjestədeɪ/ yesterday morning /ˈmɔːnɪŋ/ morning afternoon /ˌɑːftəˈnuːn/ afternoon evening /ˈiːvnɪŋ/ Night hello /həˈləʊ/ Hello goodbye /ˌɡʊdˈbaɪ/ Goodbye please /pliːz/ Please thanks /θæŋks/ Thank you
Group 2 (basic verbs + common action words 51-100)
have /hæv/ do /duː/ do go /ɡəʊ/ come /kʌm/ see /siː/ see look /lʊk/ watch /wɒtʃ/ watch like /laɪk/ like love /lʌv/ love want /wɒnt/ want need /niːd/ need make /meɪk/ make get /ɡet/ get give /ɡɪv/ take /teɪk/ put /pʊt/ open /ˈəʊpən/ open close /kləʊz/ close sit /sɪt/ sit stand /stænd/ stand run /rʌn/ run walk /wɔːk/ walk jump /dʒʌmp/ jump read /riːd/ read write /raɪt/ write draw /drɔː/ draw sing /sɪŋ/ sing dance /dɑːns/ dance eat /iːt/ eat drink /drɪŋk/ drink play /pleɪ/ play help /help/ help ask /ɑːsk/ ask answer /ˈɑːnsə/ answer call /kɔːl/ call find /faɪnd/ find think /θɪŋk/ want to know /nəʊ/ know say /seɪ/ tell tell /tel/ tell begin /bɪˈɡɪn/ start finish /ˈfɪnɪʃ/ finish buy /baɪ/ buy sell /sel/ sell work /wɜːk/ work study /ˈstʌdi/ study live /lɪv/ live swim /swɪm/ swim sleep /sliːp/ sleep speak /spiːk/ speak (language)
Group 3 (common adjectives + basic descriptors 101-150)
big /bɪɡ/ big small /smɔːl/ small tall /tɔːl/ tall short /ʃɔːt/ short; short long /lɒŋ/ long new /njuː/ new old /əʊld/ old; old young /jʌŋ/ young good /ɡʊd/ good bad /bæd/ Bad happy /ˈhæpi/ Happy sad /sæd/ Sad hot /hɒt/ Hot cold /kəʊld/ Cold warm /wɔːm/ Warm cool /kuːl/ Cool fast /fɑːst/ Fast slow /sləʊ/ Slow clean /kliːn/ Clean dirty /ˈdɜːti/ dirty easy /ˈiːzi/ easy difficult /ˈdɪfɪkəlt/ difficult busy /ˈbɪzi/ busy free /friː/ idle nice /naɪs/ good kind /kaɪnd/ kind friendly /ˈfrendli/ friendly strong /strɒŋ/ strong weak /wiːk/ weak clever /ˈklevə/ smart beautiful /ˈbjuːtɪfl/ beautiful cute /kjuːt/ cute funny /ˈfʌni/ interesting interesting /ˈɪntrəstɪŋ/ interesting boring /ˈbɔːrɪŋ/ boring tired /ˈtaɪəd/ tired hungry /ˈhʌŋɡri/ hungry thirsty /ˈθɜːsti/ thirsty early /ˈɜːli/ early late /leɪt/ late right /raɪt/ right; right wrong /rɒŋ/ wrong same /seɪm/ same different /ˈdɪfrənt/ different important /ɪmˈpɔːtənt/ important ready /ˈredi/ prepared sure /ʃɔː/ confident /ˈkeəfl/ careful quiet /ˈkwaɪət/ quiet loud /laʊd/ loud
Group 4 (common adverbs + prepositions + connectives 151-200)
here /hɪə/ there /ðeə/ where /weə/ when /wen/ why /waɪ/ why how /haʊ/ now /naʊ/ then /ðen/ always /ˈɔːlweɪz/ usually /ˈjuːʒuəli/ often /ˈɒfn/ often sometimes /ˈsʌmtaɪmz/ sometimes never /ˈnevə/ never very /ˈveri/ very too /tuː/ too; too quite /kwaɪt/ quite again /əˈɡen/ again together /təˈɡeðə/ together about /əˈbaʊt/ about before /bɪˈfɔː/ before after… /ˈɑːftə/ after with /wɪð/ and without /wɪˈðaʊt/ without for /fɔː/ in order from /frɒm/ from to /tuː/ to in /ɪn/ on /ɒn/ under /ˈʌndə/ between /bɪˈtwiːn/ behind /bɪˈhaɪnd/ behind /bɪˈsaɪd/ and /ænd/ and but /bʌt/ but or /ɔː/ or because /bɪˈkɒz/ because so /səʊ/ so if /ɪf/ if than /ðæn/ than also /ˈɔːlsəʊ/ maybe /ˈmeɪbi/ maybe really /ˈrɪəli/ really quickly /ˈkwɪkli/ quickly /ˈsləʊli/ slowly first /fɜːst/ first second /ˈsekənd/ second third /θɜːd/ third last /lɑːst/ last next /nekst/ next only /ˈəʊnli/ only
Group 5 (core noun expanded vocabulary 201-250)
time /taɪm/ time place /pleɪs/ place thing /θɪŋ/ things people /ˈpiːpl/ people child /tʃaɪld/ children /ˈtʃɪldrən/ children parent /ˈpeərənt/ parents home /həʊm/ homeroom /ruːm/ room door /dɔː/ door window /ˈwɪndəʊ/ window picture /ˈpɪktʃə/ picture computer /kəmˈpjuːtə/ computer phone /fəʊn/ phone map /mæp/ map world /wɜːld/ world city /ˈsɪti/ city country /ˈkʌntri/ country job /dʒɒb/ work money /ˈmʌni/ money food /fuːd/ food water /ˈwɔːtə/ water milk /mɪlk/ milk rice /raɪs/ rice bread /bred/ bread fruit /fruːt/ fruit apple /ˈæpl/ apple banana /bəˈnɑːnə/ banana animal /ˈænɪml/ animal dog /dɒɡ/ dog cat /kæt/ cat bird /bɜːd/ bird fish /fɪʃ/ fish tree /triː/ tree flower /ˈflaʊə/ flower sun /sʌn/ sun moon /muːn/ moon star /stɑː/ star sky /skaɪ/ sky river /ˈrɪvə/ river mountain /ˈmaʊntən/ mountain sea /siː/ sea street /striːt/ street shop /ʃɒp/ shop hospital /ˈhɒspɪtl/ hospital park /pɑːk/ park station /ˈsteɪʃn/ station airport /ˈeəpɔːt/ airport library /ˈlaɪbrəri/ library museum /mjuːˈziːəm/ museum
Group 6 (modal verbs + high-frequency function words 251-300)
can /kæn/ could; could /kʊd/ can (past) may /meɪ/ can might /maɪt/ maybe must /mʌst/ must shall /ʃæl/ should /ʃʊd/ should will /wɪl/ will /wʊd/ will (past) need /niːd/ need keep /kiːp/ keep try /traɪ/ try use /juːz/ use show /ʃəʊ/ start /stɑːt/ start stop /stɒp/ stop remember /rɪˈmembə/ remember forget /fəˈɡet/ forget bring /brɪŋ/ bring carry /ˈkæri/ carry leave /liːv/ leave arrive /əˈraɪv/ arrive at build /bɪld/ build send /send/ send meet /miːt/ meet believe /bɪˈliːv/ believe feel /fiːl/ feel hear /hɪə/ hear listen /ˈlɪsn/ listen hold /həʊld/ hold move /muːv/ move change /tʃeɪndʒ/ change grow /ɡrəʊ/ grow turn /tɜːn/ turn fall /fɔːl/ fall win /wɪn/ win lose /luːz/ lose pass /pɑːs/ travel /ˈtrævl/ travel plan /plæn/ plan hope /həʊp/ hope wish /wɪʃ/ hope decide /dɪˈsaɪd/ decide to agree /əˈɡriː/ agree understand /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand explain /ɪkˈspleɪn/ learn /lɜːn/ learn teach /tiːtʃ/ practice /ˈpræktɪs/ practice choose /tʃuːz/
Group 7 (common derivatives + abstract nouns 301-350)
happiness /ˈhæpinəs/ happiness kindness /ˈkaɪndnəs/ kindness friendship /ˈfrendʃɪp/ friendship difference /ˈdɪfrəns/ different importance /ɪmˈpɔːtns/ importance success /səkˈses/ success failure /ˈfeɪljə/ failure health /helθ/ health safety /ˈseɪfti/ safety danger /ˈdeɪndʒə/ dangerous idea /aɪˈdɪə/ idea question /ˈkwestʃən/ question answer /ˈɑːnsə/ answer example /ɪɡˈzɑːmpl/ example reason /ˈriːzn/ reason problem /ˈprɒbləm/ question result /rɪˈzʌlt/ result story /ˈstɔːri/ story lesson /ˈlesn/ curriculum subject /ˈsʌbdʒɪkt/ subject math /mæθ/ mathematics Chinese /ˌtʃaɪˈniːz/ Chinese English /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/ English science /ˈsaɪəns/ science art /ɑːt/ art music /ˈmjuːzɪk/ music sport /spɔːt/ sports game /ɡeɪm/ game team /tiːm/ team player /ˈpleɪə/ athlete driver /ˈdraɪvə/ driver worker /ˈwɜːkə/ worker farmer /ˈfɑːmə/ farmer doctor /ˈdɒktə/ doctor nurse /nɜːs/ nurse police /pəˈliːs/ police fireman /ˈfaɪəmən/ firefighter cook /kʊk/ chef waiter /ˈweɪtə/ waiter visitor /ˈvɪzɪtə/ visitor winner /ˈwɪnə/ winner leader /ˈliːdə/ leader member /ˈmembə/ member group /ɡruːp/ group club /klʌb/ club activity /ækˈtɪvəti/ activity holiday /ˈhɒlədeɪ/ holiday birthday /ˈbɜːθdeɪ/ birthday festival /ˈfestɪvl/ holiday party /ˈpɑːti/ party
Group 8 (quantity + comparative + degree expression 351-400)
one /wʌn/ one two /tuː/ two three /θriː/ three four /fɔː/ four five /faɪv/ five six /sɪks/ six /ˈsevn/ seven eight /eɪt/ eight nine /naɪn/ nine ten /ten/ ten hundreds /ˈhʌndrəd/ hundred thousandth /ˈθaʊznd/ thousand /ˈmeni/ many much /mʌtʃ/ many few /fjuː/ few little /ˈlɪtl/ few more /mɔː/ more most /məʊst/ most less /les/ least least /liːst/ least better /ˈbetə/ better best /best/ best worst /wɜːs/ Worst /wɜːst/ Bigger /ˈbɪɡə/ Biggest /ˈbɪɡɪst/ Smaller /ˈsmɔːlə/ Smallest /ˈsmɔːlɪst/ Taller /ˈtɔːlə/ tallest /ˈtɔːlɪst/ Longer /ˈlɒŋɡə/ longer longest /ˈlɒŋɡɪst/ longest shorter /ˈʃɔːtə/ shorter shortest /ˈʃɔːtɪst/ shortest earlier /ˈɜːliə/ earlier earliest /ˈɜːliɪst/ earliest later /ˈleɪtə/ later latest /ˈleɪtɪst/ nearest first /fɜːst/ first last /lɑːst/ last another /əˈnʌðə/ each other /iːtʃ/ every every /ˈevri/ all /ɔːl/ both /bəʊθ/ either /ˈaɪðə/ neither /ˈnaɪðə/ some /sʌm/ some any /ˈeni/ any none /nʌn/ none
Group 9 (time + nature + common expanded words 401-450)
January /ˈdʒænjuəri/ February /ˈfebruəri/ March /mɑːtʃ/ April /ˈeɪprəl/ May /meɪ/ June /dʒuːn/ July /dʒʊˈlaɪ/ August /ˈɔːɡəst/ August /sepˈtembə/ October /ɒkˈtəʊbə/ December /nəʊˈvembə/ December /dɪˈsembə/ Monday /ˈmʌndeɪ/ Tuesday /ˈtjuːzdeɪ/ Wednesday /ˈwenzdeɪ/ Wednesday /ˈθɜːzdeɪ/ Thursday /ˈfraɪdeɪ/ Friday /ˈsætədeɪ/ Saturday /ˈsʌndeɪ/ Sunday spring /sprɪŋ/ spring summer /ˈsʌmə/ summer autumn /ˈɔːtəm/ autumn winter /ˈwɪntə/ winter weather /ˈweðə/ weather rain /reɪn/ rain snow /snəʊ/ snow wind /wɪnd/ wind cloud /klaʊd/ cloud light /laɪt/ light dark /dɑːk/ dark air /eə/ air fire /ˈfaɪə/ fire earth /ɜːθ/ earth plant /plɑːnt/ plant leaf /liːf/ leaf grass /ɡrɑːs/ grass farm /fɑːm/ farm lake /leɪk/ lake beach /biːtʃ/ beach island /ˈaɪlənd/ island road /rəʊd/ road bridge /brɪdʒ/ bridge traffic /ˈtræfɪk/ transportation market /ˈmɑːkɪt/ market supermarket /ˈsuːpəmɑːkɪt/ supermarket bank /bæŋk/ bank hotel /həʊˈtel/ hotel restaurant /ˈrestrɒnt/ restaurant cinema /ˈsɪnəmə/ cinema theater /ˈθɪətə/ theater
Group 10 (high frequency reading comprehension words 451-500)
article /ˈɑːtɪkl/ article newspaper /ˈnjuːspeɪpə/ newspaper magazine /ˌmæɡəˈziːn/ magazine information /ˌɪnfəˈmeɪʃn/ information message /ˈmesɪdʒ/ information letter /ˈletə/ letter email /ˈiːmeɪl/ email Internet /ˈɪntənet/ Internet website /ˈwebsaɪt/ website video /ˈvɪdiəʊ/ video photo /ˈfəʊtəʊ/ photo news /njuːz/ news report /rɪˈpɔːt/ report test /test/ test exam /ɪɡˈzæm/ exam mark /mɑːk/ score grade /ɡreɪd/ Level answer /ˈɑːnsə/ answer choice /tʃɔɪs/ choice question /ˈkwestʃən/ question true /truː/ correct false /fɔːls/ wrong fact /fækt/ fact opinion /əˈpɪnjən/ opinion rule /ruːl/ rule example /ɪɡˈzɑːmpl/ Example sentence /ˈsentəns/ sentence word /wɜːd/ word meaning /ˈmiːnɪŋ/ meaning sound /saʊnd/ voice /vɔɪs/ sound picture /ˈpɪktʃə/ picture page /peɪdʒ/ page title /ˈtaɪtl/ title topic /ˈtɒpɪk/ topic idea /aɪˈdɪə/ idea paragraph /ˈpærəɡrɑːf/ paragraph line /laɪn/ line text /tekst/ text language /ˈlæŋɡwɪdʒ/ language culture /ˈkʌltʃə/ culture history /ˈhɪstri/ history future /ˈfjuːtʃə/ future past /pɑːst/ past present /ˈpreznt/ present minute /ˈmɪnɪt/ minute hour /ˈaʊə/ hour moment /ˈməʊmənt/ moment age /eɪdʒ/ age life /laɪf/ life
Vocabulary learning is not achieved overnight, but over time.
It is recommended to fix 10-15 words every day, combining listening, reading, spelling, and sentence making to consolidate in multiple dimensions.
As long as you use the right method, 500 words is not difficult. If you lay a good foundation in primary school, learning in junior high school will be easier.
